traditional knowledge is commercialized without due respect for the cultural and economic interests of the communities in which it originates. at the same time, and often, no share of the returns from its exploitation is conceded to the communities, which have developed and maintained it. today, traditional knowledge is valuable economic and cultural assets within the global information society...

Title: Support for Innovation and Obstacles to Intellectual Property Registration: the case of Ecuador Using data from 2015 Ecuadorian Survey through inverse probability weighting methodology, we analyze impact innovation support programs on perception companies obstacles that emerge when registering intellectual property. The results indicate participating in reduces all obstacles, although on...

The aim of this paper is twofold: first, to explore the effects of industrial cluster on innovation capacity, and second, to study the impact of external resources on firms’ innovation capacity especially under Chinese regional economic policy. This is a critical subject that lacks sufficient analysis. Through years of investment and effort, several IT industrial clusters have developed in Chin...

Cerna, Mines ParisTech is a research centre in Industrial Economics. Over the last years, Cerna has carried through various research programs on the interplay between technological standards and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). Building upon this experience, we wish to comment on those parts of the proposed guidelines for applying European Competition Law to Horizontal Cooperation agreements...

“Governments of the Industrial World, you weary giants of flesh and steel, I come from Cyberspace, the new home of the Mind. On behalf of the future, I ask you of the past to leave us alone. You are not welcome among us. You have no sovereignty where we gather. ... Your legal concepts of property, expression, identity, movement, and context do not apply to us. They are all based on matter, and ...

Fundamental shifts in technology and in the economic landscape are rapidly making the current system of intellectual property rights unworkable and ineffective. Designed more than 100 years ago to meet the simpler needs of an industrial era, it is an undifferentiated, one-sizefits-all system. Although treating all advances in knowledge in the same way may have worked when most patents were gran...

In the past years, world witnessed great interest in intellectual and industrial property, due to huge technological development revolution that witnessed, developing countries raced own it. This led issuance of international agreements regulating property its various forms, especially inventions With Arab national legislation rules protect inventions, Therefore, research article aimed identify...

We present a framework for property testing where a partially ordered execution trace of a distributed system is modeled by a collection of communicating automata. We prove that the model exactly characterizes the causality relation between the events in the observed trace. We present the implementation of this approach in SDL, where ObjectGEODE is used to verify properties, and illustrate the ...

This paper presents a comparison between two formal methods : the B method and the Coq proof assistant on their usability in an industrial context. Those methods have been used to formalise a garbage collector algorithm and prove its safety property. They are compared on two aspects : formalisation and proof. At each step, the two models are compared in terms of readability, easiness of proof a...