Regional patterns of tropical Indo-Pacific climate change are investigated over the last six decades based on a synthesis of in situ observations and ocean model simulations, with a focus on physical consistency among sea surface temperature (SST), cloud, sea level pressure (SLP), surface wind, and subsurface ocean temperature. A newly developed bias-corrected surface wind dataset displays west...

The impacts of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) on the tropical Indo–Pacific climate, particularly on the character of interannual variability, are explored using a coupled general circulation model (CGCM). A pair of CGCM experiments—a control experiment with an open ITF and a perturbation experiment in which the ITF is artificially closed—is integrated for 200 model years, with the 1990 values...

[1] The relationship between interannual variations of the seasonal mean monsoon and intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) during boreal summer over the Indian monsoon region is investigated. The result shows a negative correlation between all-India summer monsoon rainfall and the ISO intensity. It is argued that the negative correlation is primarily attributed to the impact of the mean state of Indi...

The Indian Ocean is the least known ocean in the world with the biogeography of marine species in the West Indian Ocean (WIO) understudied. The hydrography of WIO is characterized by four distinct oceanographic systems and there were few glacial refugia formations in the WIO during the Pleistocene. We used the widely distributed intertidal barnacle Tetraclita to test the hypothesis that the dis...

An integrated in situ Indian Ocean observing system (IndOOS) is simulated using a high-resolution ocean general circulation model (OGCM) with daily mean forcing, including an estimate of subdaily oceanic variability derived from observations. The inclusion of subdaily noise is fundamental to the results; in the mixed layer it is parameterized as Gaussian noise with an rms of 0.1°C; below the mi...

The microphysical, chemical, optical, and lidar data collected during the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) resulted in a self-consistent aerosol formulation for a multiple-scattering Monte Carlo radiation model. The model was used to simulate the direct aerosol radiative forcing, cloud radiative forcing, and heating rates for typical winter monsoon conditions over the tropical Indian Ocean. The...

There is a distinct population of blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus, in the northern Indian Ocean. The taxonomic status of these animals has long been uncertain, with debate over whether this population represents a distinct subspecies, and if so which name should apply. They have most frequently been assigned to B. musculus brevicauda, but are currently considered to be B. m. indica. The move...

'[The port of ] Somanâth [Gujarat] has become so successful because it is […] a stopping point for people travelling between Sofala and the Zanj country and China' (al-Bîrûnî, ca. 1030, trans. The historical developments of East Africa and its region are illuminated by the cycles of the Eurasian and African world-system, where the Indian Ocean is embedded. It is in this framework that we can be...