The axisymmetric component of the large-scale solar magnetic fields has a pronounced poleward branch at higher latitudes. In order to clarify the origin of this branch we construct an axisymmetric model of the passive transport of the mean poloidal magnetic field in the convective zone, including meridional circulation, anisotropic diffusivity, turbulent pumping and density pumping. For realist...

Three-dimensional radar reflectivity fields from a dual-wavelength Doppler polarimetric radar (S-PolKa) deployed in the equatorial IndianOcean are used to evaluate the composition of the population of convective cloud elements during active phases of the MJO. Rainfall in active periods was intermittent, occurring in 11 episodes of about 2–4 days, separated by several nonrainy days. Data for the...

Global gyrokinetic particle simulation of collisionless trapped electron mode turbulence in toroidal plasmas finds both diffusive and convective electron motion using a Lagrangian analysis. The convective motion is identified using simulation and analytic theory to arise from the conservation of the second invariant when resonant trapped electrons lose kinetic energy to the drift wave. A resona...

We present a calculation of the sedimentation of grains in a giant gaseous protoplanet such as that resulting from a disk instability of the type envisioned by Boss (1998). Boss (1998) has suggested that such protoplanets would form cores through the settling of small grains. We have tested this suggestion by following the sedimentation of small silicate grains as the protoplanet contracts and ...

[1] Spatial characteristics of cloud objects derived from 14 months of CloudSat data are analyzed with the aim of understanding global statistics for atmospheric convection. This study uses meteorological fields provided by NASA’s Modern Era Reanalysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) and the European Center’s ERA‐Interim reanalysis to determine environmental conditions for the cloud objec...

A simplified model for cumulus convection has been developed, with the aim of providing a computationally inexpensive, but physically plausible, environment for developing methods for convective-scale data assimilation. Key processes, including gravity waves, conditional instability and precipitation formation, are represented, and parameter values are chosen to reproduce the most important spa...

This paper presents an evaluation of the performance of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) regional climate model (MRCM) in simulating the West African monsoon. The MRCM is built on the Regional ClimateModel, version 3 (RegCM3), but with several improvements, including coupling of Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) land surface scheme, a new surface albedo assignment method, new...

Integration of weather information into the air traffic flow control decision process is a key component of the planned Next Generation Air Transportation System (NexGen). The NexGen Joint Program Development Office (JPDO) has designated a Weather Integration sub-team to specifically address the issue of translating weather information into air traffic decisions (Andrews et al., 2007). The pres...

Closed field line confinement systems can develop convective cells when the MHD interchange stability criterion is violated. Using a previously derived set of reduced equations [ V.P. Pastukhov and N.V. Chudin, Plasma Physics Reports 27, 907 (2001)] it is shown that a true steady state solution can exist. For an assumed large-scale vortex pattern the plasma pressure profile that is implied by t...

We consider the amplification and transport of a magnetic field in the collapsed core of a massive star, including both the region between the neutrinosphere and the shock, and the central, opaque core. An analytical argument explains why rapid convective overturns persist within a newly formed neutron star for roughly 10 seconds (> 10 overturns), consistent with recent numerical models. A dyna...