SYNOPSIS. In the experiments stick insects walk on an inclined substrate such that the legs of one side of the body point uphill and the legs of the other side point downhill. In this situation the vertical axis of the body is rotated against the inclination of the substrate as if to compensate for the effect of substrate inclination. A very small effect has been found when the experiment was p...

In this paper, we introduce and reconcile some of the work done on two error-correcting protocols, BINARY and CASCADE, rigorously, for a mathematically inclined audience. We also introduce our own variant of this protocol, which may be more efficient or computation-friendly, and thus a potential direction for future work. We revisit and clarify past work done in this area; in particular, we dis...

Roll waves are known to occur in the frictional flow of a thin layer of water down an inclined solid surface. For a layer of constant depth, the formation of these waves on a solid plane with small slope angle have been explained as a hydrodynamic instability occurring above a critical Froude number by analyzing the temporal stability of the constant velocity flow. Here we analyze the linear, s...

The ability of a perceiver-actor to perform a particular behaviour depends on their ability to generate and control the muscular forces required to perform that behaviour. If an intended behaviour is to be successful, perception must be relative to this ability. We investigated whether perceiver-actors were sensitive to how changes in their mass distribution influenced their ability to stand on...

In 1926, Crozier and Pincus first reported that 2-week-old rats placed head-down on an inclined plane orient in a head-up direction; this response is called negative geotaxis. In Experiment 1, we replicated this finding by testing 12- to 14-day-old rats on an inclined plane covered with wire mesh. Pups oriented in a head-up direction and avoided the head-down direction at inclines of 45 degrees...

Seawalls are built for Protecting of beaches against waves and preventing the progression of water to the beach. For a proper understanding about these constructions, a suiTable information about applied loads on these constructions should be existed. One of the important load that applied on these constructions is sea wave. Others loads are included: weight force of the walls, weight force of ...

A new guidance scheme for the problem of Low-thrust transfer between inclined orbits is developed within the framework of optimal control theory. The objective of the guidance scheme is to provide the appropriate thrust steering program that will transfer the vehicle from an inclined low earth orbits to the high earth orbits. The presented guidance scheme is determined using Pontryagin’s princi...

Improving the FES-assisted indoor rowing exercise (FES-rowing) performance enables the spinal cord injury (SCI) people to perform hybrid FES-exercise in a higher level of intensity. High level of exercise volume and intensity can play a big role in prevention of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and obesity which is a significant threat to the health of people with chronic SCI. FES-rowing...