Experimental investigations has been done to find out the heat transfer characteristics and friction factor of water based Al2O3 nanofluids as a coolant in  brazed plate heat exchanger. Plate heat exchanger either use horizontally or vertically. The base plate of the plate heat exchanger was kept inclined at (0⁰, 30⁰ ,60⁰, 90⁰). The experimentation have been done on the two different concentrat...

We develop a model to study the locomotion of snakes on inclined planes. We determine numerically which snake motions are optimal for two retrograde traveling-wave body shapes, triangular and sinusoidal waves, across a wide range of frictional parameters and incline angles. In the regime of large transverse friction coefficients, we find power-law scalings for the optimal wave amplitudes and co...

Why does not gravity make drops slip down the inclined surfaces, e.g., plant leaves? The current explanation is based on the existence of surface inhomogeneities, which cause a sustaining force that pins the contact line. Following this theory, the drop remains in equilibrium until a critical value of the sustaining force is reached. We propose an alternative analysis, from the point of view of...

The rise of two-dimensional bubbles in an inclined channel is studied numerically. The numerical scheme uses a conservative finite-difference formulation that solves the equations of motion for both liquid and gas phases. Accurate calculation of the interface position and interfacial forces between gas and liquid are an essential part of the numerical scheme. Careful attention is also paid to m...

We report experiments on thermally driven convection in an inclined layer of large aspect ratio in a fluid of Prandtl number sigma approximately 1. We observed a number of new nonlinear, mostly spatiotemporally chaotic, states. At small angles of inclination we found longitudinal rolls, subharmonic oscillations, Busse oscillations, undulation chaos, and crawling rolls. At larger angles, in the ...

Priya Subramanian1,2,†, Oliver Brausch3, Karen E. Daniels4, Eberhard Bodenschatz1, Tobias M. Schneider1,5 and Werner Pesch3 1Max-Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen 37077, Germany 2School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK 3Universität Bayreuth, Theoretische Physik I, Bayreuth 95447, Germany 4Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, ...

Catastrophic failure of any brittle structure under dynamic loading consists of dynamic crack initiation, propagation, curving, branching (both micro and macro) and branching instability. However, the failure is much more complex in case of layered materials which has interfaces. In these materials, other than above crack mechanisms the crack can also deflect to propagate along the interface or...