By now it has become a truism that machine translation is no more (and no less) than a powerful tool for human translators. It is acknowledged that MT will not replace qualified translators but that it is indispensable in the face of the enormous quantities of texts that need to be translated. Furthermore, it is understood that MT systems cannot, and are not intended to, translate literary text...

I n this issue of JMCP, Feifer and James provide significant food for thought in their examination of geographic variation in the rate of automated drug safety alerts as well as prescriber response to such alerts. 1 Findings from this study suggest that the major influences on this variation are uncertain, as member demographics explained a relatively small proportion of the observed variance i...

The efficacy of oral urea in producing a sufficiently high osmotic diuresis was tested in seven patients with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. In all patients urea corrected the hyponatraemia despite a normal fluid intake. Five patients were controlled (serum sodium concentration greater than 128 mmol(mEq)/1) with a dose of 30 g urea daily, and two with 60 g dail...

Testosterone (T) secretion declines in the aging male, albeit for unknown reasons. From an ensemble perspective, repeated incremental signaling among gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and T is required to maintain physiological androgen availability. Pattern-regularity statistics, such as univariate approximate entropy (ApEn) and bivariate cross-ApEn, provide spec...

Chapter 2 Comparison of potential risk factors for medication errors with and without patient harm 27 Chapter 3 Prescription errors in older individuals with an intellectual disability: prevalence and risk factors in the Healthy Ageing and Intellectual Disability Study 47 Chapter 4 Predicting adverse drug events using the number of biochemical tests as an electronic trigger 61 part ii Clinical ...

BACKGROUND Major trauma is a leading cause of death worldwide. Evaluation of trauma care using Trauma Injury and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) method is focused in trauma outcome (deaths and survivors). For testing TRISS method TRISS misclassification rate is used. Calculating w-statistic, as a difference between observed and TRISS expected survivors, we compare our trauma care results with the...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate studies of pharmacist-led interventions on potentially inappropriate prescribing among community-dwelling older adults receiving primary care to identify the components of a successful intervention. DATA SOURCES An electronic search of the literature was conducted using the following databases from inception to December 2015: PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing a...

Somatostatin (SS) released by hypothalamic neurons inhibits GH exocytosis noncompetitively. Therefore, we postulated that attenuation of GH feedback-induced SS outflow would help to unmask covariates of endogenous secretagogue drive. To this end, 42 healthy pre- and postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to receive leuprolide plus estradiol (E(2)) or leuprolide plus placebo. A putatively l...

P roblems related to polypharmacy are most often associated with the elderly. It appears, however, that the number of medications prescribed per se, has only a weak influence on the health of the elderly. The phenomena of adverse drug events are found more frequently in the older population. Such terms as “inappropriate prescribing” or “potentially inappropriate prescriptions” and “adverse reac...

Cognitive control has been described and referred to over the years by different terminology including “controlled processing”, “central executive” and “attentional bias”. We present behavioral and neuroimaging experimental investigations of this psychological construct reflecting topdown control in overriding inappropriate thoughts, actions, and emotions. The ability to override competing acti...