We have previously shown that regulatory T cells (Treg) accumulate dramatically in aged animals and negatively impact the ability to control persistent infection. However, the mechanisms underlying the age-dependent accrual of Treg remain unclear. In this study, we show that Treg accumulation with age is progressive and likely not the result of increased thymic output, increased peripheral prol...

political and social isolation of women in pre-islamic period and their blurred role in social and political life was changed with the advent of islam. however, in the era of the caliphs, under the influence of jewish and christian cultural elements and the revival of certain pre-islamic arabian traditions, the page was turned and the situation is well reflected in historical texts and traditio...

the issue of transmission of hadith, in western views, is an influential factor concerning the historical reliability of hadith. many western scholars dealing with muslim tradition assumed that in the main the hadith had been transmitted orally and consequently through the oral transmission process, it has been distorted and changed. the reason for this idea is the existence of some prophetic h...

nuṣayrī-‘alawī is a shiite sect that the extremist-esoteric approach among them is highly visible. due to the mysterious nature of such these esoteric movements, a little work of nuṣayrī heritage is available to the public. a collection entitled silsilat al-turāth al-‘alawī has published in recent years which includes an abundant works of  nuṣayrī heritage. ḥaqāiq asrār al-dīn is one of them th...

T lymphopoiesis in the thymus was thought to be completed once it reaches the single positive (SP) stage, a stage when T cells are "fully mature" and waiting to be exported at random or follow a "first-in-first-out" manner. Recent evidence, however, has revealed that the newly generated SP thymocytes undergo a multistage maturation program in the thymic medulla. Such maturation is followed by a...

This study investigated the redundant target effect (RTE) in partial split-brain (anterior section sparing the splenium), total split-brain, and neurologically intact individuals. All completed an RTE protocol in which targets were presented on the midline or in an inter- or intrahemispheric manner. Stimuli of different nature (luminance, equiluminant colour, and global motion) were used separa...

this is a comprehensive review of the recent progresses made in the field of zeolite membranes. it describes zeolitic materials and methods of membrane fabrication, followed by a summary of applications for gas separation, pervaporation and separation of liquid mixtures. special attention is called to polymer mixed matrix membranes (mmms) and membranes based on metal organic frame works (mofs)....

khoy, one of the major cities in the west azarbaijan province is known for its nature, military, border positions, proximity to the silk road, including many different cultures and overall is one of the important settlements in the area. this essay investigates khoy city’s expansion, from early islam until late qajar (fourth - fourteenth century) according to historical documents. this article ...