background: according to clinical observations, foot hyperpronation is very prevalent and may cause malalignment of the lower extremity, leading to structural and functional deficits in standing and walking. this study aimed at investigating the effect of foot hyperpronation on spine alignment in the standing position.   methods: thirty-five healthy males with an age range of 18-30 years partic...

Digital terrain model (DTM) generation is essential to recreating morphology once the external elements are removed. Traditional survey methods still used collect accurate geographic data on land surface. Given emergence of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with low-cost digital cameras and better photogrammetric for mapping, efficient approaches necessary allow rapid surveys high accura...

noses by using the equivalent axisymmetric body (EAB) theory. This Code has been developed by researchers and the results of it have been validated by the various flight tests results. In the case of non-zero angle of attack or asymmetric surface ablation for each meriodinal plane, the equivalent meriodinal plane (EMP) is created for any meriodinal plane. The combinations of these planes consti...

Flies have a distinct body posture during walking and flight. Hence head and eyes have mostly a preferred alignment with the surroundings. Voluntary and involuntary changes of body orientation elicit compensatory head turns which stabilize the original, correct orientation of the eyes relative to the surroundings. Compensatory head turns are elicited by several sensory cues which simultaneously...

background: evaluating the landmarks for rotation of the distal femur is a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. although the posterior femoral condyle axis is a good landmark for surgeons, the surgical transepicondylar axis may be a better option with the help of preoperative ct scanning. the purpose of this study was to ascertain relationships among the axes’ guiding distal femur rotational alig...

    Background: Evaluating the landmarks for rotation of the distal femur is a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Although the posterior femoral condyle axis is a good landmark for surgeons, the surgical transepicondylar axis may be a better option with the help of preoperative CT scanning. The purpose of this study was to ascertain relationships among the axes’ guiding distal femur rotational ...

background:  distal femur wedge osteotomies for varus or valgus alignment of the lower extremity could be done in either uniplanar or biplanar fashion.:union: time and stability of the osteotomy site has been considered important in this anatomic region. in this study, clinical and radiographic findings of biplane distal femur osteotomy were reported. methods: clinical, functional, and radiolog...