This paper discusses the experimental evaluation of locationbased services, such as mobile guides, in the field. It identifies advantages and disadvantages of using such field experiments over and against other evaluation methods. We then describe a specific method of running field experiments that we have found to be useful. The use of various evaluation measures, tools and scales is then disc...

The advantages and disadvantages of subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) as compared to alternative irrigation systems are conceptually discussed. Each category (advantages and disadvantages) is subdivided into three groups: 1) Water and soil issues; 2) Cropping and cultural practices, and 3) System infrastructure issues. The adaptation and adoption of SDI systems into diverse cropping systems, geo...

Theory for the evolutionary properties of recombination is reviewed both in terms of modi er genes and approaches that use group selection Analytical and numerical methods are used to investigate the time to rst appearance of an advantageous two locus chromosome On average whether or not a double mutant chromosome is advantageous it will appear for the rst time faster with recombination than wi...

background: there is a global interest for deploying faculty members’ activities evaluation systems, however implementing a fair and reliable system is a challenging issue. in this study, the authors devised a model for evaluation of faculty members’ activities with regard to their viewpoints and meta-evaluation standards. materials and methods: the reliability of the current faculty members’ a...

Anti-poverty programs increasingly target multiple outcomes to address current and future poverty. Conventional evaluation exercises, however, estimate programs’ impact on separately. We present a framework, drawing from the counting approach, that captures joint distribution of allows evaluating program outcomes. apply framework analyze Philippine conditional cash transfer using an embedded ra...

Difficult or unsuccesful tracheal intubation is one of the important causes for morbidity and mortality in susceptible patients. Almost 30% of the anesthesia-related deaths are induced by the complications of difficult airway management and more than 85% of all respiratory related complications cause brain injury or death. Nowadays, due to the advances in technology, new videolaryngoscopic devi...

The history of oxytocin in obstetrics varies from a very liberated use without almost any fear for danger or disadvantages to an almost complete condemnation of the use of this drug. Oxytocin was especially discredited by the intramuscular route of administration. On the other hand caused the intravenous administration by Infusion pump a very liberated use of this drug finally resulting in the ...

The spirit of trade is mutual benefits among all participants. However, current international trade is just like a zero-sum solution with winners and losers and developing a feeling of distrust among participants. Responsible international fisheries trade is an important tool to promote economic growth of many countries and the World Trade Organization (WTO) has been encouraging free trade as a...