CC This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. *Correspondence: Moo In Park, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University Col...

purpose: to estimate the magnitude and causes of visual impairment (vi) in subjects aged ≥ 50 years in varamin district in 2009 using the proposed method by the world health organization (who). method: this cross sectional population based survey was performed in varamin targeting people over the age of 50 years using the proportional probabilities to size and cluster compact segment sampling m...

Little is known about the role of interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, in blood vessels. We used IL-10-deficient mice (IL-10 -/-) to examine the hypothesis that IL-10 protects endothelial function after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. The responses of carotid arteries were studied in vitro 6 h after injection of a relatively low dose of LPS (10 microgram ip). In IL-10 -/- ...

We previously reported that in mesenteric arteries from aged Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats (a type 2 diabetes model) endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-type relaxation is impaired while endothelium-derived contracting factor (EDCF)-mediated contraction is enhanced (Matsumoto T, Kakami M, Noguchi E, Kobayashi T, Kamata K. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 293: H1480...

BACKGROUND Diastolic dysfunction is a key factor in the development and pathology of cardiac dysfunction in diabetes, however the exact underlying mechanism remains unknown, especially in humans. We aimed to measure contraction, relaxation, expression of calcium-handling proteins and fibrosis in myocardium of diabetic patients with preserved systolic function. METHODS Right atrial appendages ...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and obesity are major risk factors for erectile dysfunction (ED). In diabetes, increased oxidative stress leads to decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, and diabetic patients appear to be less responsive to conventional therapy with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. We investigated whether the soluble guanylyl cyclase stimulator BAY 41-2272 (5-cyclopropy...

Obese and diabetic individuals are at increased risk for impairments in diastolic relaxation and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The impairments in diastolic relaxation are especially pronounced in obese and diabetic women and predict future cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in this population. Recent clinical data suggest sodium glucose transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibition reduce...

Impaired arterial vasorelaxation, due primarily to endothelial dysfunction, is associated with obesity. To clarify the relationship with insulin resistance and other metabolic disturbances, we studied endothelial-dependent and -independent vascular responses in rats with dietary-induced obesity. Dietary-obese rats had significantly higher body weights (10-32%; P<0.001) and fat-pad masses (220-2...

Left ventricular (LV) diastolic function in the absence and presence of regional ischemia was examined in eight conscious dogs chronically instrumented with ultrasonic devices for measuring LV wall thickness and volume. During treadmill exercise, ischemia was induced (hydraulic occluder) to produce less than 10% systolic wall thickening in the ischemic zone. LV filling was assessed by the peak ...