Cancer immunotherapy is currently the hottest topic in the oncology field, owing predominantly to the discovery of immune checkpoint blockers. These promising antibodies and their attractive combinatorial features have initiated the revival of other effective immunotherapies, such as dendritic cell (DC) vaccinations. Although DC-based immunotherapy can induce objective clinical and immunologica...

The accumulated literature suggests that altering the immune capacities of animals or humans seldom has detectable effects on tumor incidence nor, it seems, does the growth of an untransplanted tumor, either spontaneous or induced, immunize the host against the growth of a subsequent implant of that tumor. These observations suggest that even clearly immunogenic transplanted tumors may not have...

Background The growing list of associations between idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions and variants of the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) molecule is suggestive of specific interactions between the causative drug and the associated HLA molecule. Currently, most of our understanding of how HLA molecules stimulate drug specific T cell responses comes from observing the conditions necessary for T...

The immunogenicity of multiple, distinct, mammary tumor virus-induced mammary carcinomas which arose spontaneous ly in the same C3H mouse has been surveyed in MTV-infected syngeneic C3H hosts and in MTV-free syngeneic C3Hf hosts. Nineteen different tumors from 4 original hosts were tested. Whereas all tumors tested were immunogenic in C3Hf hosts, only 5 out of 19 tumors were immunogenic in C3H ...

Immunoproteomics was used to screen the immunogenic spore and vegetative proteins of Bacillus anthracis vaccine strain A16R. The spore and vegetative proteins were separated by 2D gel electrophoresis and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes, and then western blotting was performed with rabbit immune serum against B.anthracis live spores. Immunogenic spots were cut and digested by ...

We investigated the effects of mTOR and MEK1/2 inhibition on tumor growth and the tumor microenvironment in immunogenic and poorly immunogenic models of murine oral cancer. In vitro, rapamycin and PD901 inhibited signaling through expected downstream targets, but only PD901 reduced viability and altered function of MOC cells. Following transplantation of MOC cells into immune-competent mice, ef...

Immunogenic tumors grow progressively even when heavily infiltrated by CD8(+) T cells. We investigated how to rescue CD8(+) T cell function in long-established immunogenic melanomas that contained a high percentage of endogenous PD-1(+) tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells that were dysfunctional. Treatment with αPD-L1 and αCTLA-4 blocking antibodies did not prevent tumors from progressing rapidly. We...

Classical tumor therapy consists of surgery, radio(RT)- and/or chemotherapy. Additive immunotherapy has gained in impact and antitumor in situ immunization strategies are promising to strengthen innate and adaptive immune responses. Immunological effects of RT and especially in combination with immune stimulation are mostly described for melanoma. Since hyperthermia (HT) in multimodal settings ...

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid found in fish oil, is a multi-target agent and exerts anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities alone or in combination with chemotherapies. Combinatorial anticancer therapies, which induce immunogenic apoptosis, autophagy and STAT3 inhibition have been proposed for long-term therapeutic success. Here, we found that DHA promoted imm...

Normal BALB/c fibroblasts enclosed in two-compartment diffusion chambers with a methylcholanthrene (MCA) disc were left in the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c mice or were incubated in vitro for 4 to 24 weeks while protected from the immunoselective process. This protection was demonstrated by the fact that cells of a BALB/c sarcoma induced by MCA, which were immunogenic when injected s.c., were un...