Aim/Purpose: To investigate the application of game elements to a non-gaming context (gamification), specifically on an early childhood teacher-training course. Background: This research proposes teaching strategy that combines gamification via e-quizzing tools with main principles scavenger hunt (SH). The purpose this blend is provide learners exciting learning environment. Methodology: A conv...

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Place-naming processes for the features on other planetary bodies are controlled by the International Astronomical Union's (IAU) Working Group on Planetary Nomenclature. This article examines the development of the nomenclature of the surroundings of the Mars Society's Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS), located in Utah, USA, a simulation facility for future Mars stations. The development of t...

Depression and harmful alcohol use are two of the top five leading causes years life lost to disability in high-income countries. Integrated treatment targeting both at same time is often considered more complicated difficult and, therefore, expensive. Consequently, integrated internet-based interventions could be a valuable addition traditional care. A three-arm randomized controlled trial was...

Recent progress in the determinations of astronomical constants is reviewed. First is the latest estimation of the general relativistic scale constants, LC , LG, and LB (Irwin and Fukushima, 1999). By reestimating the uncertainty, the value of the rst constant is given as LC = 1:480 826 867 4 10 8 1:4 10 . Also noted is the rigorous relation among these three, LB = LC +LG LCLG. Based on the lat...

The statistical population of the research is consisted of all of the students of the Islamic Azad University of Mashhad who are studying (not graduated). Using the simple random sampling based on two categories of the boys and the girls and according to Cochran formula, 378 numbers of people were at hand as the adequate sample. For the data being more valid, 400 students (200 girls and 200 boy...