BACKGROUND Hyponatremia is prevalent and associated with mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). The prevalence and prognostic implications of hyponatremia in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary (AECOPD) have not been established. METHOD We included 313 unselected patients with acute dyspnea who were categorized by etiology of dyspnea according to established guidelines...

BACKGROUND Hyponatremia is a well-known predictor of mortality in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure. Associations between hyponatremia and other prognostic variables in acutely decompensated heart failure, such as amino-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Six hundred twenty-eight patients presenting to the emergency department with acute...

BACKGROUND Hyponatremia is the most common disorder of body fluid and electrolyte balance in clinical practice. It is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay. Little is known about the relationship between hyponatremia and HIV disease. It is thought that hyponatremia in HIV is associated with a syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH), volume depletion...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hyponatremia after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is commonly associated with diuresis and natriuresis, but the causes are still controversial. We investigated whether brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) was related to such hyponatremia. METHODS Plasma BNP concentrations were measured by immunoradiometric assay in 18 patients at 0 to 2 days (period 1), 7 to 9 days (period 2)...

Total body water and tonicity is tightly regulated by renal action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), reninangiotensin-aldosterone system, norepinephrine and by the thirst mechanism. Abnormalities in water balance are manifested as sodium disturbances--hyponatremia and hypernatremia. Hyponatremia ([Na+ < 136 meq/ l]) is a common abnormality in hospitalized patients and is associated with increased ...

The present study was undertaken to determine clinical features of hypopituitarism in elderly subjects. Thirty-one elderly patients with hypopituitarism were enrolled. They were 19 males and 12 females, with the ages of 70.7±5.4 years ranging from 62 to 80 years. High prevalence of hyponatremia (80.6%) and hypoglycemia (29.0%) was found, and it was totally different from that in hypopituitar...

BACKGROUND Hyponatremia in the setting of cirrhosis is a common electrolyte disorder with few therapeutic options. The free water retention is due to non-osmotic vasopressin secretion resulting from the cirrhosis-associated splanchnic vasodilatation. Therefore, vasoconstrictive therapy may correct this electrolyte abnormality. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of midodrine and oc...

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in serum pituitary hormone levels and the mechanism of hyponatremia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Nuclear medical tests and serum electrolyte monitoring were performed in 49 aneurysmal SAH cases and 10 healthy volunteers. The levels of serum pituitary hormones were significantly higher in the SAH patients compared with the cont...

The first case of severe hyponatremia, since referred to as beer potomania, in a heavy beer drinker patient was reported in 1972. Excessive consumption of beer in particular, which has a low solute content, may result in severe hyponatremia. We report a case of severe hyponatremia that occurred in a patient who, owing to his underlying colon cancer, was drinking beer and ingesting little food.

Central pontine myelinolysis occurs inconsistently as a complication of severe and prolonged hyponatremia, particularly when corrected too rapidly. This condition is a concentrated, frequently symmetric, noninflammatory demyelination within the central basis pontis. We describe a head injury patient who developed central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis following a gradual correction of hy...