The effect of different concentrations of sugar solution (hypertonic) (30%, 45% and 60% w/v) and carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) (0%, 1% and 2% w/v) coating on freeze drying of apple slices was studied. In total, nine treatments with respect to concentrations of hypertonic solution and coating layer were prepared to analyze their influence on the physical and chemical properties of freeze dried...

BACKGROUND Hyperkalemia is a frequently observed electrolyte imbalance in dehydrated neonatal diarrheic calves that can result in skeletal muscle weakness and life-threatening cardiac conduction abnormalities and arrhythmias. HYPOTHESIS Intravenous administration of a small-volume hypertonic NaHCO3 solution is clinically more effective in decreasing the plasma potassium concentration (cK) in ...

BACKGROUND Studies suggest an effect of nebulized hypertonic saline solution on air-flow limitation in subjects with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis, but results are based on subjective scores of clinical severity and are not clear. In this observational study, we used a noninvasive computerized tool to quantify wheezing before and after nebulization with hypertonic saline in ch...

Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that basolateral membrane vesicles isolated from Necturus maculosus small intestinal epithelial cells possess a K(+) channel that is inhibited by ATP. In the present studies, we demonstrate that these vesicles, which are essentially devoid of soluble cytoplasmic contaminants, exhibit volume regulatory responses that parallel those of intac...

1. The effect of the bathing solution tonicity on the mechanical properties of the anterior byssal retractor muscle (ABRM) of Mytilus edulis was examined. 2. The rate of relaxation of contracture tension produced by acetylcholine (ACh) was greatly reduced when the bathing solution tonicity was increased by adding NaCl, KCl or LiCl after the removal of ACh, whereas a decreased tonicity increased...

Buffered NaCl solutions hypertonic to rabbit serum were prepared and freezing point depressions of each determined after dilution with measured amounts of water. Freezing point depression of these dilutions was a linear function of the amount of water added. One ml. of rabbit red cells was added to each 4 ml. of the hypertonic solutions and after incubation at 38 degrees C. for 30 minutes the m...

This is an investigation of the effects on the late after-potential of immersing frog sartorius muscles in three kinds of modified Ringer's fluid; hypertonic, low chloride, and potassium-free. The late after-potential has been attributed to the depolarizing effect of an accumulation of potassium, during a preceding train of impulses, in the intermediary space of the model of a muscle fiber prop...

We report here that early exposure of guinea pig ventricular myocytes to hypertonic solution (approximately 400 mOsm compared to 280 mOsm in isotonic solution) increased the potency of rilmakalim to evoke ATP-sensitive K+ current 10 times (pD2 = 7.44 +/- 0.11 compared to pD2 = 6.49 +/- 0.18 in isotonic solution) without changing Emax, and observed effect was completely reversed by glibenclamide...

Previous studies have suggested a critical role for the vagi during the hypertonic resuscitation of hemorrhagic shocked dogs. Vagal blockade prevented the full hemodynamic and metabolic recovery and increased mortality. This interpretation, however, was challenged on the grounds that the blockade also abolished critical compensatory mechanisms and therefore the animals would die regardless of t...