23 The antimicrobial mechanism of a lactococcal bacteriocin, lacticin Q, can be 24 described by the toroidal pore model without any receptor. However, lacticin Q 25 showed different degrees of activity (selective antimicrobial activity) against 26 gram-positive bacteria even among related species. The ability of lacticin Q to induce 27 pore formation in liposomes composed of lipids from differe...

RNA molecules play an essential role in biology. In addition to transmitting genetic information, RNA can fold into unique tertiary structures fulfilling a specific biologic role as regulator, binder or catalyst. Information about tertiary contact formation is essential to understand the function of RNA molecules. Hydroxyl radicals (•OH) are unique probes of the structure of nucleic acids due t...

The antimicrobial mechanism of a lactococcal bacteriocin, lacticin Q, can be described by the toroidal pore model without any receptor. However, lacticin Q showed different degrees of activity (selective antimicrobial activity) against Gram-positive bacteria even among related species. The ability of lacticin Q to induce pore formation in liposomes composed of lipids from different indicator st...

Despite the high stability of bulk water, water microdroplets possess strikingly different properties, such as presence hydroxyl radicals (OH?) at air–water interface. Previous studies exhibited recombination OH? into H2O2 molecules and capture by oxidizing other molecules. By spraying pure a mass spectrometer, we detected in form (H4O2)+ that is essentially OH??H3O+, radical combined with hydr...

Mitomycin C (MC) is a naturally occurring anticancer agent which has been shown to be more cytotoxic to hypoxic tumor cells than to their aerobic counterparts. The mechanism of action of this agent is thought to involve biological reductive activation, to a species that alkylates DNA. A comparison of the cytotoxicity of MC to EMT6 tumor cells with that of the structural analogues porfiromycin (...