The measurement of metabolites constitutes a useful tool for detection of exposure and in pharmacokinetic studies. Epoxidation with subsequent glutathione conjugation and mercapturic acid formation is an important deactivation pathway for naphthalene, a toxin which presumably causes lung disease. The mercapturic acid conjugates of naphthalene [NaphMA (1), N-acetyl-S-(1,2-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2-nap...

Biocatalytic procedures can circumvent some of the drawbacks that classical methodologies present in chemical synthesis. One example is shown by the Baeyer-Villiger (BV) reaction, a process discovered more than 100 years ago that consists in the nucleophilic insertion of one atom of oxygen in the adjacent position of a carbonyl moiety affording esters or lactones. This reaction proceeds using p...

Background and Aims: Alysicarpus glumaceus is a plant used in Africa, Asia some parts of the Arabian Peninsula with folkloric claims having anti-tussive, anti-asthmatic, anti-diarrheal, abortifacient, anti-psychotic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic stimulatory activities. The aim this study was to determine phytoconstituents present methanol extract (ME) its fractions. Methods: Standard qualitative...

Two general classes of compounds interfere with the synthesis of the hormone thyroxine in the thyroid gland. These are the thiocarbamides and what will be referred to here as the “aromatic” antithyroid compounds. The present state of knowledge on the mechanism and locus of action of these substances has been reviewed recently (l-3). There appears to be general agreement that the thiocarbamides ...

Aromatic amines are bioactivated to electrophilic compounds that react with DNA, predominantly at the C8 position of guanine bases. This site is weakly nucleophilic and it has been proposed that the C8 adduct is the final product after initial N7-adduct formation. To consider this possibility, we reacted several C8-substituted guanine derivatives with N-acetoxy-2-aminofluorene, prepared in situ...

A novel catalytic synthesis of 3,3'-(arylmethylene)-bis-(4-hydroxy-2H-chromene-2-one) derivatives from a tandem condensation reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin and aromatic aldehydes has been developed. The reaction occurs in water in the presence of Melamine trisulfonic acid as catalyst to give the corresponding products in good to high yields. This green approach has several advantages such as sho...