Abstract Chemical gardens, which are self‐organizing, abiotic, inorganic precipitates in far‐from‐equilibrium systems, of interest for prebiotic chemistry/origin life research and, under certain reaction can be considered hydrothermal vent analogs. While the presence different additives to chemical including phosphate and amino acids, have been explored, reactivity organic molecules garden syst...

The enzyme of rat liver that can transform /V-hydroxy-/V2-fluorenyIacetamide into a reactive derivative capable of introducing fluorenylamine groups into nucleic acids has been shown to be a sulfhydryl-dependent enzyme with a molecular weight of approximately 28,000. A 30-fold purifi cation of the enzyme from 105,000 x g supernatants of liver has been achieved by precipitation with ammonium sul...

This study investigated the metabolic interaction between fibrates and statin hydroxy acids in human hepatocytes. Gemfibrozil (GFZ) modestly affected the formation of beta-oxidative products and CYP3A4-mediated oxidative metabolites of simvastatin hydroxy acid (SVA) but markedly inhibited the glucuronidation-mediated lactonization of SVA and the glucuronidation of a beta-oxidation product (IC(5...

B ak o re and N a r a in 1 studied the kinetics of the oxidation of a-hydroxy acids by chromium(VI) and found that addition of Mn(II) decreases the rate of oxidation to one half of that in absence of Mn(II), when the hydrogen ion concentration is in the range 0.1 to 0.4 M. They attributed this to the disproportionation of Cr(IV) by Mn(II) ions. K em p and W a t e r s 2 observed Mn(II) catalysis...

The cellular fatty acid profiles of Flavobacterium meningosepticum and Flavobacterium species group IIb were markedly different from those of related bacteria. The profiles were characterized by the presence of 13-methyl-tetradecanoate and three uncommon acids: 2-hydroxy-13-methyl-tetradecanoate, 15-methyl-hexadecanoate, and 3-hydroxy-15-methyl-hexadecanoate.

Many oxygenated fatty acids are bioactive compounds. Nocardia cholesterolicum and Flavobacterium DS5 convert oleic acid to 10 hydroxy stearic acid and linoleic acid to 10-hydroxy-12(Z)-octadecanoic acid. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PR3 converts oleic acid to the new compounds, 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (DOD) through 10-hydroxy-8-octadecenoic acid, and racinoleic acid to 7,10,12-trihydrox...

The substrate specificity of the ileal and the hepatic Na(+)/bile acid cotransporters was determined using brush border membrane vesicles and CHO cell lines permanently expressing the Na(+)/bile acid cotransporters from rabbit ileum or rabbit liver. The hepatic transporter showed a remarkably broad specificity for interaction with cholephilic compounds in contrast to the ileal system. The anion...

Enantiopure α-hydroxy acids (AHAs) are versatile building blocks in organic synthesis. They are used for obtaining pharmaceutically and biologically active substances, such as vitamins. α-Hydroxy acids are easily synthesized from cyanohydrins. Thus, molecules with cyanohydrin substructures are interesting intermediates for the synthesis of AHAs. Usually, cyanohydrins are prepared by the additio...

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria (OMIM 246450) is a rare autosomal recessive inborn of metabolism due to the deficiency of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) lyase, an enzyme involved both in the ketogenic pathway and leucine catabolism. Acute decompensations present with lethargy, cianosis, hypotonia, vomiting and metabolic acidosis with hypoketotic hypoglycemia. We report the ...

Chain elongation and 2-hydroxylation pathways, which are specific for very long chain fatty acids ( >C&), have been found in the yeast, Candida utitis. The chain elongation system acts specifically on fatty acids of chain length C2,, to CZ4; there is no detectable elongation of Cl* and only trace . . . actrvrty with C&,. The product of the elongation enzyme or enzymes is C& when Co, C&, or C24 ...