The aerial oxidation of hydroquinone in a freshly prepared developer solution at 20°C has been studied through the measurement of concentration changes by a spectrophotometric method. The concentration of consumed hydroquinone is directly proportional to time, and the equation tIl2 = C, / 0.0786 was obtained to calculate the half-life of the developer. In this equation, the half-life is in ...

Hydroquinone is an aromatic compound that functions in cosmetics as an antioxidant, fragrance, reducing agent, or polymerization inhibitor. Hydroquinone is also used as a skin bleaching agent. Safety and toxicity information indicate that hydroquinone is dermally absorbed in humans from both aqueous and alcoholic formulations and is excreted mainly as the glucuronide or sulfate conjugates. Hydr...

The role of ROS in hydroquinone-induced inhibition of K562 cell erythroid differentiation was investigated. After K562 cells were treated with hydroquinone for 24 h, and hemin was later added to induce erythroid differentiation for 48 h, hydroquinone inhibited hemin-induced hemoglobin synthesis and mRNA expression of γ-globin in K562 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The 24-h exposure ...

Background: Melasma is a brown or grayish brown symmetrical facial hyperpigmentation.A number of medicamens can be used for the treatment of this condition. For better results in treating melasma, combination therapy is preferred. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy and adverse effects of azelaic acid 20% plus hydroquinone 5% versus hydroquinone 5% alone in the manageme...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the in vivo inhibition of extract of Fructus lycii (FL) on the expressions of cathepsin B (Cat B) and cystatin C (Cys C) in high-fat diet and hydroquinone (HQ) induced model mice with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and to explore the in vitro effects of lutein and zeaxanthin on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2,) induced expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) ...

introduction: the pagat polymer gel dosimeter melts at 30 ˚c and even at room temperature during the summer, so it needs to be kept in a cool place such as a refrigerator. to increase the stability of the pagat gel, different amounts of agarose were added to the pagat gel composition and the pagata gel was manufactured. material and methods: the pagata gel vials were irradiated using a co-60 ma...

Hydroquinone (1,4-benzenediol) has been widely used in clinical situations and the cosmetic industry because of its depigmenting effects. Most skin-lightening hydroquinone creams contain 4%-5% hydroquinone. We have investigated the role of resveratrol in prevention of hydroquinone induced cytotoxicity in mouse primary hepatocytes. We found that 400 µM hydroquinone exposure alone induced apoptos...

Benzene-induced myelotoxicity can be reproduced by the coadministration of two principal metabolites, phenol and hydroquinone. Coadministration of phenol (75 mg/kg) and hydroquinone (25-75 mg/kg) twice daily to B6C3F1 mice for 12 days resulted in a significant loss in bone marrow cellularity in a manner exhibiting a dose-response. One explanation for this potentiation is that phenol stimulates ...

Chronic exposure of humans to benzene (BZ) causes acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Both BZ and therapy-related secondary AML are characterized by chromosomal translocations that may occur by inappropriate recombinational events. DNA topoisomerase II (topo II) is an essential sulfhydryl (SH)-dependent endonuclease required for replication, recombination, chromosome segregation, and chromosome struc...