Cells Sergey V. Morozov, Arkady A. Karyakin, Paulette M. Vignais, Serge Cosnier Faculty of Chemistry, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russia CEA/Grenoble, BBSI (UMR CEA/CNRS/UJF no. 5092), DRDC, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France 3 LEOPR (UMR CNRS no. 5630), UJF, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France Molecular hydrogen is considered nowadays as the most promising chemical fue...

Technical Barriers This project addresses the following technical barriers from the Hydrogen Storage section of the Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Infrastructure Technologies Program Multi-Year Research, Development and Demonstration Plan: • A. Cost • B. Weight and Volume • D. Durability • E. Refueling Time • M. Hydrogen Capacity and Reversibility • O. Test Protocols and Evaluation Facilities • Q. Th...

The rapid consumption of petroleum deposits and the escalating air pollution problems caused by burning fossil fuels have driven the global research community to look for cleaner and renewable energy resources. Albeit not a primary energy source, hydrogen is an ideal energy carrier. It almost triples the gravimetric heat of combustion of gasoline (120 MJ kg 1 vs. 44.5 MJ kg ). More importantly,...

The structure of Nafion, the polymer electrolyte membrane used in some fuel cells, has been extensively debated over recent decades. Now, a newly proposed model reveals the nanoscale arrangement that could explain the excellent transport properties of the material. Transport is a major source of pollution in cities. As a result, the development of cars and buses which generate low or negligible...

Hydrogen-based fuel cells are promising solutions for the efficient and clean delivery of electricity. Since hydrogen is an energy carrier, a key step for the development of a reliable hydrogen-based technology requires solving the issue of storage and transport of hydrogen. Several proposals based on the design of advanced materials such as metal hydrides and carbon structures have been made t...

A transition from gasoline internal combustion engine vehicles to hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) is likely to emerge as a major component of the strategy to meet future greenhouse gas reduction, air quality, fuel independence, and energy security goals. Advanced infrastructure planning can minimize the cost of hydrogen infrastructure while assuring that energy and environment bene...

Reduction in cooling loss due to the heat transfer from burning gas to the combustion chamber wall is very important for improving the thermal efficiency in hydrogen engines. The previous research has shown that the direct injection stratified charge can be a technique to reduce the cooling loss and improve thermal efficiency in hydrogen combustion. For effective reductions in cooling loss by t...

We recall that hydrogen combustion does resolve the environmental problems of fossil fuels due to excessive emission of carcinogenic substances and carbon dioxide. However, hydrogen combustion implies the permanent removal from our atmosphere of directly usable oxygen, a serious environmental problem called oxygen depletion, since the combustion turns oxygen into water whose separation to resto...

A transient, multi-dimensional model has been developed to simulate proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The model accounts simultaneously for electrochemical kinetics, current distribution, hydrodynamics and multi-component transport. A single set of conservation equations valid for flow channels, gas-diffusion electrodes, catalyst layers and the membrane region are developed and numeric...