Air quality models that generate the concentrations of semi-volatile and other condensable organic compounds using an explicit reaction mechanism require estimates of the physical and thermodynamic properties of the compounds that affect gas/aerosol partitioning: vapour pressure (as a subcooled liquid), and activity coefficients in the aerosol phase. The model of Griffin, Kleeman and coworkers ...

Two-dimensional (2D) materials can be produced using ball milling with the help of liquid surfactants or solid exfoliation agents, as ball milling of bulk precursor materials usually produces nanosized particles because of high-energy impacts. Post-milling treatment is thus needed to purify the nanosheets. We show here that nanosheets of graphene, BN, and MoS2 can be produced by ball milling of...

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill produced large subsurface plumes of dispersed oil and gas in the Gulf of Mexico that stimulated growth of psychrophilic, hydrocarbon degrading bacteria. We tracked succession of plume bacteria before, during and after the 83-day spill to determine the microbial response and biodegradation potential throughout the incident. Dominant bacteria shifted substantially ...

A mixed-phase chemistry box model is applied to study heterogeneous chemistry and its effect on tropospheric gas-phase chemistry, particularly on photochemical production of O3 and photochemical indicators for O3-NOx-hydrocarbon sensitivity, under a variety of atmospheric conditions ranging from remote marine to heavily-polluted atmospheres. A subsequent sensitivity analysis of the mixed-phase ...

Introduction. Typically, investment in petroleum exploration and development yields a joint product: reserves of oil and natural gas. The reserve additions are separable, but the expenditures generating reserve additions cannot be neatly partitioned between the two hydrocarbon sources.

carbon disulfide is used predominantly in the manufacture. it has affects the nervous system. in this study, the applicability of spme as a passive sampler for determination of carbon disulphide in air was studied. effect of sampler and environmental parameters on uptake of carbon disulphide was studied as well. four fibers were tested to select the best sampler for determine carbon disulfide i...

in this research, the selective oxidation of benzene to maleic anhydride (man) in a fixed-bed reactor was studied. the gas phase catalytic oxidation of benzene was carried outin a laboratory scale fixed bed reactor on the catalysts, which were prepared having two different compositions on silica gel. the effects of temperature, flow rates of benzene and air, and catalyst type on the reaction se...

one distinct concentration of copper ions was embedded into the silica matrix to xerogel form using copper source cu(no3)2∙3h2o. the xerogel samples were prepared with using hydrolysis and condensation reactions of tetraethyl ortho-silicate (teos) by the sol-gel method. in this investigation, new molar ratio of h2o/teos was determined to be 11.7. also, the necessary amount of tri-hydrated coppe...

A method for measuring the equilibrium GOR (gas-oil ratio) of reservoir fluids using microfluidic technology is developed. Live crude oils (crude oil with dissolved gas) are injected into a long serpentine microchannel at reservoir pressure. The fluid forms a segmented flow as it travels through the channel. Gas and liquid phases are produced from the exit port of the channel that is maintained...

In this contribution we report on the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 for the production of liquid fuels by using two different approaches under i) liquid and ii) gas phase conditions. The main aim of the work is the comparison of these two experimental setups, in terms of productivity, kinds of liquid compounds produced and efficiencies, due to the differences in the mechanism which underlay...