Hyperthyroidism or increased thyroid function has been reported in many patients with trophoblastic tumors, either hydatidiform mole or choriocarcinoma (1). In the US, hydatidiform mole occurs between 0.5 and 2.5 per 1000 pregnancies (2). It is more common in Asian and Latin American countries (3). Hydatidiform moles secrete large amounts of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and the hCG level...

Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) are a group of pregnancy-related disorders representing rare human tumours. They encompass premalignant disorders including complete (CHM), partial hydatidiform mole (PHM), exaggerated placental site (EPS), and placental-site nodule (PSN) as well as malignant disorders (also known as “gestational trophoblastic neoplasia [GTN]”) including invasive mole, c...

We previously mapped a maternal locus responsible for biparental complete hydatidiform moles (BiCHMs) to 19q13.4. The two index patients had a total of 14 molar pregnancies, eight abortions at various developmental stages, and one 16-year-old healthy offspring. We suggested that the defective gene deregulates the expression of imprinted genes. Here, we report the methylation status of four impr...

P A twin pregnancy with a complete hydatidiform mole with a coexistent foetus (CHMF) is a rare condition that typically results in poor pregnancy outcomes. For patients with refractory vaginal bleeding, termination of pregnancy is more appropriate. However, unified methods for termination remain to be explored. In the present study, we reviewed the termination measures in four cases of twin pre...

Highly recurrent hydatidiform moles (HMs) studied to date are not androgenetic but have biparental genomic contribution (BiHM). Affected women have an autosomal recessive mutation that causes their pregnancies to develop into HM. Although there is genetic heterogeneity, a major locus maps to chromosome 19q13.42, but a mutated gene has not yet been identified. Molecular studies have shown that m...