| The expanding penetration of nondispatchable renewable resources within power system generation portfolios is motivating the development of demand-side strategies for balancing generation and load. Commercial heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) loads are potential candidates for providing such demand-response (DR) services as they consume significant energy and because of the te...

Depending upon one's perspective, distributed control has had an either extremely long, or extremely short history in the application of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) control. HVAC systems have been in existence for the entire duration of human architecture, at least in terms of heating, with air-conditioning arriving in the 1800's with the industrial revolution, as a means ...

A novel approach for automatic design synthesis and optimization using evolutionary algorithms (EA) is introduced in the paper. The approach applies to component-based systems in general and is demonstrated with a heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems problem. The whole process of the system design, including the initial stages that usually entail significant human involvemen...

Intelligent Building Automation System (IBAS) is one of the heaviest researched areas motivated by the continuous high demand on economically-effective systems that are designed to provide a desirable controlled space for various organizations. IBAS has been developed along with the rapid sophistication of the information and control technologies in this study. The main objective of the continu...

Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) accounts for up to 50% of building energy consumption, and studies have shown significant potential for savings through the utilisation of fault detection and smart predictive control in place of traditional reactive based control systems. This paper proposes a strategy for implementing intelligent model-predictive control (MPC) of HVAC systems b...

The modelling, numerical simulation and intelligent control of an expert HVAC (heating, ventilating and air-conditioning) system having two different zones with variable flow-rate were performed by considering the ambient temperature in this study. The sub-models of the system were obtained by deriving heat transfer equations of heat loss of two zones by conduction and convection, cooling unit ...

Automated demand response can be a valuable resource for ancillary services in the power grid. This paper illustrates this value with the first experimental demonstration of frequency regulation from commercial building Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems. The experiments were conducted in a 40,000 sq. ft. commercial building located at the University of Florida campus. Deta...

Active participation of demand-side resources in power system control tasks, i.e., demand response, is expected to facilitate the integration of renewable energy sources in the grid. In this paper, we present a novel hierarchical control scheme to enable provision of frequency control reserves by a pool of office buildings managed by an aggregator. The reserves are provided by controlling the c...

This paper provides a review on the fouling mechanism and its effect onto the performance of finned tube heat exchangers in HVAC systems. Fouling tends to degrade the performance of heat exchangers by decreasing the heat transfer coefficient and increasing the air-side pressure drop across the heat exchangers. Air side fouling depends on a number of factors on the air side, including type and c...

Intelligent building technology for building operation, called the optimization process, is developed and validated in this paper. The optimization process using a multi-objective genetic algorithm will permit the optimal operation of the building’s mechanical systems when installed in parallel with a building’s central control system. Using this proposed optimization process, the supervisory c...