BACKGROUND Acromioclavicular joint separations are very common lesions, with the majority falling into Rockwood classification type I and II. It is generally agreed that conservative treatment of these injuries leads to good functional results, although there are some studies that suggest these injuries are associated with a high incidence of persistent symptoms. HYPOTHESIS Type I and II acro...

Osteoarthritis (O.A) affects over 50 million Americans. This includes mostly O.A of the shoulder, hip, and knee. Shoulder osteoarthritis (O.A) has been demonstrated in cadaver and radiographic studies to affect up to 33% of patients over the age of 60 [1]. Patients with shoulder O.A have pain, crepitus, decreased ability to place their hand at a desired point in space and loss of motion, severe...

Human arms undertake most tasks in the activities of daily living (ADLs). When designing shoulder prostheses for high‐level upper‐limb amputees, we should consider not only how to realize high degrees of freedom under weight and shape constraints but also the user’s individual task space in daily life. An appropriate mechanical structure that can make full use of state...

In the human upper limb a proportion of the descending corticospinal command may be relayed through cervical propriospinal premotoneurons. This may serve to coordinate movements involving multiple joints of the arm, such as reaching. The present study was conducted to determine whether a shoulder stabilizing muscle, infraspinatus (INF), is functionally integrated into the putative cervical prop...

Shoulder pain affects from 16% to 72% of patients after a cerebrovascular accident. Hemiplegic shoulder pain causes considerable distress and reduced activity and can markedly hinder rehabilitation. The aetiology of hemiplegic shoulder pain is probably multifactorial. The ideal management of hemiplegic stroke pain is prevention. For prophylaxis to be effective, it must begin immediately after t...

General health as well as disease- or condition-specific outcome measures have long been used to assess patients with shoulder conditions. Currently, a variety of validated measures is available. Shoulder outcomes measures may be general (eg, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons; Constant; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand), disease-specific (eg, Rotator Cuff Quality of Life, Western ...

background: work-related musculoskeletal disorders are the most important factors of absent from work, increased costs and human damages experienced by workers. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders of nurses in al-zahra hospital and the effect of eight-week selected corrective exercises and ergonomic interventions on them. methods: nord...

PURPOSE We investigated the best position for shoulder retractor strengthening exercise to maximize middle trapezius activity and minimize rhomboid major activity. Although both trapezius and rhomboids are scapular retractors, rhomboids also act as downward rotators of the scapula, which can worsen subacromial impingement. METHODS Twelve healthy participants (age 30 [SD 6] y) with no history ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this prospective study was to identify clinical factors associated with the development of shoulder pain in stroke patients with pronounced arm paresis. METHODS At stroke onset, 485 patients were initially assessed in 2007-2009. Sixty-three patients with pronounced arm paresis completed the study, and 21 of these developed shoulder pain. Clinical findings were recorded f...