When the COVID-19 pandemic triggered shelter-in-place orders and school closures, many turned to remote schooling as a means for delivering vital instruction while observing public health guidelines. However, swift shift highlighted an area of significant educational inequity across United States, especially in urban districts immigrant households: technology access. Centering experiences Spani...

OBJECTIVES Eradication and control of childhood diseases through immunization can only work if parents allow their children to be vaccinated. To learn about social network factors associated with polio vaccine hesitancy, we investigated social and spatial clustering of households by their vaccine acceptance status in Malegaon, India, an area known for vaccine refusal and repeated detection of p...

It is often claimed that cocoa producers are poor, but the extent of their poverty rarely defined. We analyzed six data sets derived from household questionnaires 385–88,896 in Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana. Across all sets, many households (30–58%) earn a gross income below World Bank extreme line majority (73–90%) do not Living Income. Households with less per person day generally achieve lower yie...

This paper constructs a life-cycle model with intergenerational linkages to study wealth transfers between parents and children. Households are subject to stochastic earnings, and parents care about their children. While the parents are of working age, the utility of the children’s consumption enters the utility of the parents. In addition, when they die, parents like to leave bequests to their...

A financial comparison of a parallel sewer based (SB) system with activated sludge, and a fecal sludge management (FSM) system with onsite septic tanks, collection and transport (C&T) trucks, and drying beds was conducted. The annualized capital for the SB ($42.66 capita(-1) year(-1)) was ten times higher than the FSM ($4.05 capita(-1) year(-1)), the annual operating cost for the SB ($11.98 cap...

Divorce is increasingly common around the world. Its causes, dynamics, and socioeconomic impacts have been widely studied, but little research has addressed its environmental impacts. We found that average household size (number of people in a household) in divorced households (households with divorced heads) was 27-41% smaller than married households (households with married heads) in 12 count...

nowadays multicriteria decision making (mcdm) methods are a useful tool for investigating natural resources and toaddress problems related to hydro systems. the goal of this research was to assess the daliri standardization method(dsm) to prioritize and make selections for application to mcdm. and to compare the dsm method with the utilityadditive (uta) method. the (dsm) method, unlike the (uta...

A Public Good Version of the Collective Household Model: An Empirical Approach with an Application to British Household Data In this paper we consider an empirical collective household model of time allocation for twoearner households. The novelty of this paper is that we estimate a version of the collective household model, where the internally produced goods and the externally purchased goods...

objective: poverty alleviation is an essential step to achieve economic development. this is why identification exercise is so crucial. traditionally, different aspects of insecurities have not be taken into poverty measurement. many types of insecurities have adverse impacts on household welfare. identifying vulnerability of household can serve identification of the poor households. methodolog...