Maize and Indian mustard are significant crops in semi-arid climate zones of India. Improved water management requires precise scheduling of irrigation, which in turn requires an accurate computation of daily crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Daily crop evapotranspiration comes as a product of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and the growth stage specific crop coefficients modified for daily var...

[1] An important factor controlling catchment-scale water balance is the seasonal variation of climate. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the seasonal distributions of water and energy, and their interactions with the soil moisture store, on mean annual water balance in Australia at catchment scales using a stochastic model of soil moisture balance with seasonally varying fo...

This paper deals with the variability of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and its association with rain rate and total evapotranspiration over Bangladesh during the period of 2003-2011 using MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Global Land Assimilation System (GLDAS) data. NDVI shows higher concentration in eastern pa...

Evapotranspiration is a central process of the hydrological cycle, and various water saving measures are based on it. However, there is little research work on evapotranspiration in the world. In particular, there is rare hydrological cycle-based research on the impact of channel lining on evapotranspiration in arid and semi-arid regions. This paper applies a hydrological cycle model to examine...

for the purposed water resources management, irrigation scheduling, water usage optimization and gaining maximum yield two step fao method was applied to determine the water requirement (evapotranspiration) of sugar beet.  in this paper reference evapotranspiration were computed from recorded meteorological data at 38 weather stations using the hargreaves-samani method; and then through applyin...

Sensitivity analysis to determine variations in evapotranspiration is much important considering a known variation in one of climatic variables. In this study, sensitivity of evapotranspiration from Penmann-Mantith, Penmann-Kimberly (1996), Penman-Kimberly (1972) and Penmann (1984)  and Hargrivs (1985) approaches to three climatic variations (maximum temperature, wind speed, solar radiation) wa...

The knowledge of evapotranspiration is of great interest in many applications such as assessing irrigation water use. In this paper, a methodology is presented to estimate evapotranspiration using the surface energy balance model S-SEBI (Simplified Surface Energy Balance Index) and the evaporative fraction. The method is applicable under the assumptions of constant atmospheric conditions and su...

BIOME-BGC is a general ecosystem model designed to simulate hydrologic and biogeochemical processes across multiple scales. The objectives of this investigation were to compare BIOME-BGC estimates of hydrologic processes with observed data for different boreal forest stands and investigate factors that control simulated water fluxes. Model results explained 62 and 98% of the respective variance...

A wide range of events in buildings occur at sub-hourly frequencies. Notable examples include daylight-sensing control and manual adjustment of blinds and lights in response to sub-hourly illuminance variations. Such short-term changes can produce notable shifts in instantaneous solar and equipment loads, in turn affecting electrical energy demand. Although sub-hourly time discretization is cur...

I. A machine is described which automatically releases previously weighed rations to individually penned sheep at hourly intervals for 24 h. 2. Six sheep were kept in a room with constant light, temperature and continuous background noise and given 91 2 g lucerne daily at 10.00 h or at hourly intervals by means of the automatic feeder. Faeces and urine were collected every 2 h. 3. Hourly feedin...