Objective: Contraception has gained gradual popularity in many parts of the developing world including Pakistan. Despite this increase in acceptance, the birth rate remains high. Failure of contraception has been reported in the literature, which made us aim to conduct this study. The efficiency of hormonal contraceptives in the study area was assessed and this is the first report from Pakistan...

BACKGROUND On the basis of the lack of response of invasive lobular breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we questioned the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy in relation to histology. PATIENTS AND METHODS Women with primary nonmetastatic invasive ductal or (mixed type) lobular breast cancer, aged 50-70 years, diagnosed between 1995 and 2008, were selected from the Netherlands Cancer...

This study compares the anticipatory hormonal and psychological responses of 17 male judo players to an official competition with the data obtained during eight resting sessions carried out at the same time of day, throughout an entire sports season. Testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) levels were determined 1 h and 30 min before competition, and mood, anxiety and expectancies were also evaluated...

We have investigated in 30 patients the metabolic and hormonal responses to middle ear surgery using induced hypotension to a mean arterial pressure of 55 mm Hg. A standardized anaesthetic technique of propranolol, thiopentone-vecuronium-isoflurane was used in all patients and hypotension induced with sodium nitroprusside, trimetaphan camsylate or additional isoflurane. All patients showed a cl...

In the cockroach Blattella germanica, the synthesis of vitellogenin is juvenile hormone III (JH III)-dependent. We have studied the effect of JH III upon vitellogenin gene expression in periovaric fat bodies incubated in vitro. Periovaric fat bodies were obtained from cardioallatectomized females. The response to JH III was measured in terms of vitellogenin and vitellogenin mRNA after 7 h of in...

different contraceptive methods are used by breastfeeding mothers. in general, these methods are classified into two major groups, hormonal and non-hormonal. a number of studies have shown that combined oral contraceptive pills may adversely affect the quality and the quantity of human milk. in other studies it has been shown that estrogen and progesterone seem to reduce the risk of cardiac and...