An alluvial aquifer can be described as a groundwater system, generally unconfined, that is hosted in laterally discontinuous layers of gravel, sand, silt and clay, deposited by a river in a river channel, banks or flood plain. In semi-arid regions, streams that are associated with alluvial aquifers tend to vary from discharge water bodies in the dry season, to recharge water bodies during cert...

Mountain beech (Nothofagus solandri var. solandri) trunk diameters were measured in each of two catchments, a control, and a stream catchment (a putative lahar path), to assess the vulnerability of a hut sited on the Wakapapaiti Stream, Tongariro National Park, to disturbance events. Beech forest margins were more abrupt, terraced, and were adjacent to rocky areas in the stream catchment, while...

High-head storage hydropower schemes in Alpine areas are required to produce peak energy and to regulate electricity grids. Nevertheless the unsteady turbine operations induce hydropeaking in the river downstream of the powerhouse. The developed hydrological-hydraulic model can simulate glacier melt, snow pack constitution and melt, soil infiltration and run-off as well as hydraulic structures ...

It is often assumed that stable water isotopes (dD and d18O) provide redundant information for a given sample of water. In this note we illustrate that the choice of isotope used may influence the resultant hydrograph separation. This is especially true in light of the spatial and temporal variability in the isotopic composition of rainfall water at the catchment scale. We present several possi...

[1] Isotopic hydrograph separation (IHS) to define sources of event and preevent water during hydrological episodes has greatly improved the understanding of water, solute, and contaminant transport to streams during recent decades. However, the large variation in snowmelt isotopic composition, caused by fractionation during melting, has impeded an accurate separation of streamflow during sprin...

Rainfall-runoff processes in a small oil palm catchment (8.2 ha) in Johor, Malaysia were examined. Storm hydrographs show rapid responses to rainfall with a short time to peak. The estimated initial hydrologic loss for the oil palm catchment is 5 mm. Despite the low initial loss, the catchment exhibits a high proportion of baseflow, approximately 54% of the total runoff. On an event basis, the ...

This paper presents CAMEL, a spatially-distributed conceptual model for simulating reactive transport of phosphorus from diffuse sources at the catchment scale. A catchment is represented in the model using a network of grid cells and each grid cell is comprised of various conceptual storages of water, sediment and phosphorus. To allow for reactive transport processes of phosphorus between grid...

due to successes of fingerprinting method in producing rapid and low-cost information of sediment sources, in this research this method was used in three sub-cathments of chasht-khoran basin in semnan province: amrovan, atari and ali-abad. samples below 63 μm were separated and 15 fingerprinting propertis was measured. in the first stage comparison of means and differentiation analysis were use...

Citation: Vermaire JC, Taranu ZE, MacDonald GK, Velghe K, Bennett EM and Gregory-Eaves I (2017) Extrinsic vs. Intrinsic Regimes Shifts in Shallow Lakes: Long-Term Response of Cyanobacterial Blooms to Historical Catchment Phosphorus Loading and Climate Warming. Front. Ecol. Evol. 5:146. doi: 10.3389/fevo.2017.00146 Extrinsic vs. Intrinsic Regimes Shifts in Shallow Lakes: Long-Term Response of Cy...

This paper discusses the changes in the water law under the new dispensation in South Africa from a poverty perspective. The focus is on the early experiences of implementation of one of the components of the National Water Act: establishing Catchment Management Agencies. From the diversity of experiences in decentralizing integrated water management, key areas emerge where steering by the gove...