OBJECTIVE Individuals with type 2 diabetes are particularly vulnerable to cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance is a major determinant of this increased risk and is a potential therapeutic target. This study was undertaken to establish the natural biological variation of insulin resistance in individuals with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The biological variation of insuli...

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to estimate the association between anthropometric obesity parameters, serum concentrations of ghrelin, resistin, leptin, adiponectin and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) in obese non-diabetic insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant patients. MATERIAL/METHODS Study subjects included 37 obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m2) out-clinic patients aged ...

AIM To estimate the prevalence of insulin resistance using both the Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA) index and basal insulinemia, and to analyze its relationship to overweight, as measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). PATIENTS AND METHODS A series of 118 non-diabetic young adults aged 18 and 19 years attending a primary care health center were studied. They were c...

BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) is not limited to obese individuals. Normal weight individuals may also be insulin resistant. The aim of this study was to determine the association of lifestyle and diet patterns with IR in normal weight Iranian men. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in 232 men with a body mass index lower than 25 kg/m(2) (aged 20-72 years old) between Septem...

The aim of the present study was to test the effect of sitagliptin and exendin-4 upon metabolic alterations, β-cell mass decrease and hepatic steatosis induced by F (fructose) in rats. Normal adult male Wistar rats received a standard commercial diet without (C) or with 10% (w/v) F in the drinking water (F) for 3 weeks; animals from each group were randomly divided into three subgroups: untreat...

The relationship between insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), percent body fat, and aerobic fitness (VO2max per unit fat free mass; mL/kgFFM/min) was examined in 1,710 children. Percent body fat was estimated from sum of skinfolds, and VO2max was estimated from submaximal cycle ergometer tests. Overnight fasting blood samples were obtained. VO2max (mL/kgFFM/min) and percent body fat were correlated wi...

OBJECTIVE The lack of standardized reference range for the homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index has limited its clinical application. This study defines the reference range of HOMA-IR index in an adult Hispanic population based with machine learning methods. METHODS This study investigated a Hispanic population of 1854 adults, randomly selected on the basi...

BACKGROUND Whether insulin resistance predicts ischemic stroke (IS) is still a matter of debate. OBJECTIVE To determine the association between insulin resistance (IR) and risk of first ischemic stroke in a large, multiethnic, stroke-free cohort without diabetes. DESIGN Prospective, population-based cohort study. SETTING Longitudinal epidemiologic study. PARTICIPANTS A cohort of 1509 no...

CONTEXT Due to its good correlation to glycemic clamp, HOMA-IR has been widely utilized as insulin resistance index in clinical and epidemiological studies involving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease carriers. However, values used for this parameter have shown large variability. OBJECTIVE To identify the HOMA-IR cut value that best distinguishes non-diabetic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ...

BACKGROUND Adolescence, due to transient pubertal insulin resistance (IR), is associated with a higher risk for disturbances of glucose metabolism. The aim of our study was 1) to investigate the prevalence of disturbances of glucose metabolism, 2) to define gender specific homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) thresholds associated with increased cardiometabolic risks and...