BACKGROUND: Brain monoamines (such as histamine and dopamine) play an important role in emotions, cognition, reward and feeding behavior. The interactions between histamine and dopamine were studied in many physiological functions but this correlation is unclear in feeding behavior of chickens. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of central histaminergic and dopaminergic sy...

REFERENCES LEDINGHAM, I. McA., MCARDLE, C. S. & PARRATT, J. R. (1972). Comparison of a coronary vasodilator drug (carbochromen) and a cardiac stimulant (oxyfedrine) on blood flow and oxygen extraction in experimental myocardial infarcts. Br. J. Pharmac., 44, 323-324P. MARSHALL, R. J. & PARRATT, J. R. (1973). The effect of noradrenaline on blood flow and oxygen consumption in normal and ischaemi...

Reduced cochlear blood flow (CBF) has been implicated in various pathologies of the inner ear, including sudden deafness, noise-induced hearing loss and Meniere's disease. Thus the aim of some current therapeutic regimens to treat these conditions is to increase CBF and thereby improve oxygenation of the inner ear tissues. Most of the vasodilating agents in clinical use, however, do not have sp...

The central role of histamine in gastric acid secretion has been studied extensively (1-6). Gastric histamine is released from enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in rats and subsequently stimulates acid secretion via the activation of histamine H2 receptors on parietal cells (7, 8). Histamine also stimulates the secretion of acid in the stomach via the activation of adenylate cyclase and an incr...

restraint-induced stress (rs) increases histamine concentration in the brain. there is no previous report regarding the role of histamine receptors in immunomodulatory effect of rs. in the present study the role of brain histamine receptors on reduction of humoral and cellular immune function induced by rs was evaluated. for this purpose male wistar rats (200-250 g) were immunized with sheep re...

In mammalian intestine, a number of secretagogues have been shown to work through either cyclic nucleotide or calcium mediated pathways to elicit ion secretion. Because excessive intestinal electrolyte and fluid secretion is central to the pathogenesis of a variety of diarrheal disorders, understanding of these processes is essential to the development of future clinical treatments. In the curr...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Once human skin contacts stinging hairs of Urtica spp. (stinging nettles), the irritant is released and produces pain, wheals or a stinging sensation which may last for >12 h. However, the existence of pain-inducing toxins in the stinging hairs of Urtica thunbergiana has never been systematically demonstrated. Experiments were therefore conducted to identify the persistent p...