Gene expression in eukaryotes begins with transcription the nucleus, followed by synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA), which is then exported to cytoplasm for its translation into proteins. Along and translation, mRNA export through nuclear pore complex (NPC) an essential regulatory step eukaryotic gene expression. Multiple factors regulate hence Interestingly, proteins from certain types viruses ...

Host immune activation forms a vital line of defence against bacterial pathogenicity. However, just as hosts have evolved responses, bacteria developed means to escape, hijack and subvert these responses promote survival. In recent years, highly conserved group signalling cascades within the host, collectively termed integrated stress response (ISR), become increasingly implicated in during inf...

ARTICLE HISTORY Received 3 December 2017 Accepted 6 December 2017 ABSTRACT Agrobacterium tumefaciens has the ability to transform a wide range of eukaryotes by transferring single-stranded (ss) DNA (T-DNA) into the host cells. During the process, the bacterium also delivers abundant amount of ssDNA binding protein VirE2 into the host cytoplasm, where multiple VirE2 molecules bind and coat the T...

Conjugative plasmids of the A/C incompatibility group (IncA/C) have become substantial players in the dissemination of multidrug resistance. These large conjugative plasmids are characterized by their broad host-range, extended spectrum of antimicrobials resistance, and prevalence in enteric bacteria recovered from both environmental and clinical settings. Until recently, relatively little was ...

The combined use of the new technologies of multiphoton-based intravital imaging, the chemotaxis-mediated collection of invasive cells, and high sensitivity expression profiling has allowed the correlation of the behavior of invasive tumor cells in vivo with their gene expression patterns. New insights have resulted including a gene expression signature for invasive cells and the tumor microenv...

The cycle inhibiting factors (Cif), produced by pathogenic bacteria isolated from vertebrates and invertebrates, belong to a family of molecules called cyclomodulins that interfere with the eukaryotic cell cycle. Cif blocks the cell cycle at both the G₁/S and G₂/M transitions by inducing the stabilization of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21(waf1) and p27(kip1). Using yeast two-hybrid scre...

Research on molecular mechanisms that viruses use to regulate the host apparatus is important in virus infection control and antiviral therapy exploration. Our previous research showed that the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) LEF-11 localized to dense regions of the cell nucleus and is required for viral DNA replication. Herein, we examined the mechanism of LEF-11 on BmNPV multiplicati...