It is often claimed that the essence of functional programming is the use of functions as values, i.e., of higher order functions, and many interesting examples have been given showing the power of this approach. Unfortunately, the logic of higher order functions is diicult, and in particular, higher order uniication is undecidable. Moreover (and closely related), higher order expressions are n...

In this thesis I show is that it is possible to give modular correctness proofs of interesting higher-order imperative programs using higher-order separation logic. To do this, I develop a model higher-order imperative programming language, and develop a program logic for it. I demonstrate the power of my program logic by verifying a series of examples, culminating in the correctness proof of a...

We describe a new approach to higher-order narrowing computations in a class of systems suitable for functional logic programming. Our approach is based on a translation of these systems into ordinary (£rst-order) rewrite systems and the subsequent application of conventional narrowing strategies. Our translation is an adaptation to narrowing of Warren’s translation, but unlike similar previous...

In this paper, we show that Arrow’s well-known impossibility theorem is instrumental in bringing the ongoing discussion about verisimilitude to amore general level of abstraction. After some preparatory technical steps, we show that Arrow’s requirements for voting procedures in social choice are also natural desiderata for a general verisimilitude definition that places content and likeness con...

The observed phenomena in real sound environment system often contain uncertainty such as the additional external noise with unknown statistics. Furthermore, there is complex nonlinear relationship between the specific signal and the observations, and it cannot be exactly expressed in any definite functional form. In these situations, it is one of reasonable analysis methods to treat the object...

This review focuses on the ways in which the objectification of individuals and groups of people, as well as the self-objectification that typically develops from such treatment, is implicated in positive and negative societal change. Four areas are reviewed: (a) objectification (including dehumanization, infra-humanization, dehumanized perception, sexualization, and colonialism), (b) self-obje...

Characterizing the Instrumental Variable Identifying Assumption as Sample Selection Conditions We build on Rosenzweig and Wolpin (2000) and Keane (2010) and show that in order to fulfill the Instrumental variable (IV) identifying moment condition, a policy must be designed so that compliers and non-compliers either have the same average error term, or have an error term ratio equal to their rel...

A single and self-contained method for determining the crystallite-size distribution and shape from experimental x-ray line profile data is presented. We have shown that the crystallite-size distribution can be determined without assuming a functional form for the size distribution, determining instead the size distribution with the least assumptions by applying the Bayesian/MaxEnt method. The ...