This paper presents a dynamic voltage and frequency scaling methodology for long-term operation, using fault-tolerance to prevent failures. The DVFS methodology allows a dual-mode operation, targeting high performance or low-power operation modes, and using an on-line circuit monitoring with aging-aware fault-tolerance to prevent errors during a long-term operation. Fail-safe operation is achie...

The design of reverse osmosis (RO) networks is investigated here using a mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) approach based on a superstructure. A flexible superstructure that contains all possible alternatives of a potential RO network was developed and was used in the synthesis of RO networks. The networks were designed by using DuPont’s B10 Hollow Fiber module. For fixed freshwater ...

17-4PH stainless steel is a martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel that provides an outstanding combination of high strength, good corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, good toughness in both base metal and welds, and short time, low-temperature heat treatments that minimize warpage and scaling. This valuable alloy is widely used in the aerospace, nuclear, chemical, pet...

superconducting materials are capable of trapping extremely high magnetic fields. this property and meissner effect of superconductors causes a levitation force between bulk superconductors and a permanent magnet (pm). this levitation force has possible industrial applications such as permanent magnet guideways (pmg). because of the high price of permanent magnets, the optimization of pmg desig...

This paper investigates the performance of a high temperature proton exchange membrane PEM fuel cell. Both experimental work and numerical simulation are conducted. The high temperature proton exchange membrane is based on polybenzimidazole PBI doped with phosphoric acid. A single cell with triple serpentine flow channels was operated at steady state at various levels of temperature, pressure, ...

Abstract This application note is a guide for the selection of high voltage power BJTs (Bipolar Junction Transistors), and provides a detailed description of the operation of a horizontal deflection circuit by examining its resonant mode operation. Some recommendations for reducing the case temperature of the BJT are suggested by studying its ZVS (zero voltage switching) operation, and its inhe...

This paper addresses the concept of load balancing in operation parallel insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), which temperature is used as main control parameter. In IGBT operation, it essential to ensure an equal distribution across all IGBTs. Two basic algorithm concepts for were developed purpose balancing. A test model based on IGBTs was assembled a laboratory and algorithms tested c...

We utilize an organic polymer buffer layer between graphene and conventional gate dielectrics in top-gated graphene transistors. Unlike other insulators, this dielectric stack does not significantly degrade carrier mobility, allowing for high field-effect mobilities to be retained in top-gate operation. This is demonstrated in both two-point and four-point analysis and in the high-frequency ope...