In radar signature analysis, the root mean square (RMS) surface slope is utilized to assess the relative contribution of multiple scattering effects. For an exponentially correlated surface, an effective RMS slope can be determined by truncating the high frequency tail of the roughness spectrum. The choice of the cutoff frequency and the effect on surface scattering simulations are discussed.

High-speed railway construction is extending to mountainous areas, and the harsh environment complex climate pose various risks slope construction. This seriously threatens human lives causes huge economic losses. The existing research results on safety of high cutting in HSRs are limited, a complete set risk assessment processes methods has not yet been formed. Therefore, this study, we aimed ...

Abstract First-arrival slope tomography (FAST) introduces first-arrival slopes, corresponding to the horizontal components of slowness vectors, at receiver and source positions supplement traveltime for better guiding ray propagation in media until best match is achieved with observed data. FAST can recover velocity model higher resolution precision than (FATT) but computationally intensive. In...

To alleviate the severe rocky desertification and improve the ecological conditions in Southwest China, the national and local Chinese governments have implemented a series of Ecological Restoration Projects since the late 1990s. In this context, remote sensing can be a valuable tool for conservation management by monitoring vegetation dynamics, projecting the persistence of vegetation trends a...

The spatial arrangement of Ca2+ channels and vesicles remains unknown for most CNS synapses, despite of the crucial importance of this geometrical parameter for the Ca2+ control of transmitter release. At a large model synapse, the calyx of Held, transmitter release is controlled by several Ca2+ channels in a "domain overlap" mode, at least in young animals. To study the geometrical constraints...

In the present study the protective effect of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) on synaptic plasticity impairment induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats was investigated. Fifty-eight rats were grouped and treated as follows: 1) control (saline), 2) LPS, 3) LPS-N. sativa, and 4) N. sativa. In a Morris water maze test, the escape latency and travelled path to find the platform as well as time spent...

Understanding the mechanisms and controlling factors of erosion rates is essential in order to sufficiently comprehend bigger processes such as landscape evolution. For decades, scientists have been researching erosion rates where one of the main objectives was to find the controlling factors. A variety of parameters have been suggested ranging from climate-related, basin morphometry and the te...

PURPOSE We evaluated the progression rate of total, and upper and lower visual field defects in treated open-angle glaucoma patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was a retrospective, nonrandomized, comparative study. Five-hundred forty-four eyes from 315 Japanese open-angle glaucoma patients were examined. The mean deviation (MD) and total deviation (TD) for both the upper and lower slope...