As industrial prime contractor ASTRIUM Space Transportation is responsible for the design of space launchers. A space launcher is a complex system, requiring contributions from many disciplines. In this chapter we will endeavour to limit ourselves to the launch vehicle design problem, which proves to be a multidisciplinary optimization problem. The mission of a space launcher is to place a payl...

Coronagraphic space telescopes require wavefront control systems for high-contrast imaging applications such as exoplanet direct imaging. High-actuator-count MEMS deformable mirrors (DM) are a key element of these wavefront control systems yet have not been flown in space long enough to characterize their on-orbit performance. The MEMS Deformable Mirror CubeSat Testbed is a conceptual nanosatel...

We demonstrate an all-optical label and payload processor based on nonlinear optical processing with semiconductor optical amplifiers. The processor separates the label and the payload, and generates a synchronization pulse. Introduction All-optical label swapping (AOLS) is a technique that enables the implementation of ultra-fast packet routing and forwarding in IP-over-WDM networks [1]. In an...

Host-based rerouting mechanism is a routing scheme that stores and forwards data in application layer. With this, users can communicate in a indirect way. Thus, identity information such as IP addresses can be effectively hidden against eavesdropper. In anonymous communication systems, such as Mixes, Onion Routing, and Crowds, this mechanism is adopted to provide anonymity. This mechanism, howe...

This memo defines two payload formats, one for carrying dual-tone multifrequency (DTMF) digits, other line and trunk signals (Section 3), and a second one for general multi-frequency tones in RTP [1] packets (Section 4). Separate RTP payload formats are desirable since low-rate voice codecs cannot be guaranteed to reproduce these tone signals accurately enough for automatic recognition. Definin...

This document describes an RTP [2] payload format for transporting comfort noise (CN). The CN payload type is primarily for use with audio codecs that do not support comfort noise as part of the codec itself such as ITU-T Recommendations G.711 [3], G.726 [4], G.727 [5], G.728 [6], and G.722 [7]. 1. Conventions used in this document The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL N...