BACKGROUND Hiccups are familiar to everyone, but remain poorly understood. Acute hiccups can often be terminated by physical manoeuvres. In contrast, persistent and intractable hiccups that continue for days or months are rare, but can be distressing and difficult to treat. AIM To review the management of hiccups, including a systematic review of reported efficacy and safety of pharmacologica...

PURPOSE To look for central nervous system abnormalities as possible causes of intractable hiccups. METHODS Of a series of 50 patients with chronic (ie, lasting more than 48 hours) hiccups, a prospective study identified a subgroup of 9 patients with no clinical or gastroesophageal abnormalities (according to endoscopy, pH monitoring and manometry). We performed in all 9 patients brain and up...

During the past decade, the information technology has evolved to store and retrieve continuous media data types, e.g., audio and video objects. Unlike the traditional data types (e.g., text), this new data type requires its objects to be retrieved at a pre-speciied bandwidth. If its objects are retrieved at a rate lower than its pre-speciied bandwidth then a display will suuer from frequent di...

Micturitional disturbance is rarely mentioned in human herpetic brainstem encephalitis although the pontine tegmentum, called the pontine micturition centre, seems to regulate the lower urinary tract in experimental animals. The case of a 45 year old man, who developed subacute coma and hiccup-like dysrhythmic breathing, and needed assisted ventilation is reported. Examination of CSF showed mon...

A combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine for upper gastrointestinal endoscopies (UGIE) was studied in 46 children aged 2–12 years over a 6-month period. Dexmedetomidine 1 lg/kg and ketamine 2 mg/kg were given as a bolus over 5 min. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and sedation scores were noted before induction as baseline and then every 5 min until ...

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in cancer in China. Case series report a series of cases exposed to a certain intervention. To understand the current situation of case series of TCM for cancer, we performed this review. We included case series of cancer patients treated with TCM therapy. Electronic searches were conducted in four main Chinese databases until February 201...

mischief were justifiable, so put in a drainage-tube, and treated the cavity as an abscess in any other part of the body. Over a pint of pus escaped, and there was a free discharge in the dressings subsequently, the patient being dressed at least twice a day. There was great improvement at first; he slept well that night, having scarcely any pain ; the temperature was normal, and the pulse drop...

Reading an action verb elicits the retrieval of its associated body movements as well as its typical goal-the outcome to which it is directed. Two fMRI experiments are reported in which retrieval of goal attributes was isolated from retrieval of motoric ones by contrasting actions that are either done intentionally (e.g., drink) and thus have associated goal information or by accident (e.g., hi...

Myoma is the most common benign neoplasm that can occur in the female reproductive system, most frequently seen in women in their 50s. Although the majority of myomas are asymptomatic, some patients have symptoms and/or signs of varying degrees. Typical myoma-related symptoms or signs include: (1) menstrual disturbances like menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea and intermenstrual bleeding, (2) pelvic pain...

BACKGROUND A 43-year-old woman with recurrent hiccup and discomfort in the right upper abdomen was diagnosed by computed tomographic (CT) scan with a cystic tumor in the right liver. Echinococcus serology was negative. METHODS A laparoscopic procedure was chosen as standard therapy for symptomatic cystic liver tumors. The presumed tumor turned out to be a diaphragmatic cyst 8 cm in diameter a...