The rate of eradication of chronic hepatitis C considerably increases with direct-acting antiviral agents, particularly hepatitis C virus (HCV) polymerase inhibitors. While implementing full-length HCV NS5B polymerase sequencing in our clinical microbiology laboratory, we identified atypical HCV sequences, classified as subtype 2l, from 2 patients. HCV-2l NS5B polymerase sequences were detected...

TTV is an unenveloped circular single-stranded DNA virus with a diameter of 30-32 nm that first was described in 1997 in Japan. TTV was detected in various populations without proven pathology, including blood donors and in patients with chronic HBV and HCV hepatitis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of TTV DNA in Iranian patients with chronic hepatitis B and C. Viral TTV-D...

The recent development of novel model systems for the early steps of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has rapidly advanced our knowledge of antibody-mediated virus neutralization in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis C. This review summarizes our current understanding of host neutralizing responses during the course of HCV infection. It focuses on recent studies in HCV-infected patients...

Vietnam has been a highly endemic country of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections with high hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) rate (8.8-19.0%) and high anti-HCV rate (1.0-3.3%) among general population. High mortality rates of liver cancer were also estimated from 14.8 to 23.7 per 100,000. Recently, the coverage of universal HB vaccination for infants has not been hi...

We conducted Myanmar-Japan cooperation studies on hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus markers in patients with thalassemias and those with liver diseases. Among the 102 patients with liver diseases, 92% had a history of hepatitis B virus infection (antibody to hepatitis B core antigen positive), 35% were hepatitis B surface antigen positive, 39% were positive for anti-HCV. Among 28 patients with ...

Approximately 80% of HCC cases are associated with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections [2]. In North America, Europe and Japan, infection with HCV is the main risk factor for HCC, together with alcohol abuse [2,3]. Infection with HCV increases the risk for HCC, with a 15-20 fold increased incidence compared with HCV-negative subjects in cross-sectional and case...

As no efficient culture system for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is currently available, most of the research against this virus is driven by analysis of its genomic sequences. Thus, a database that allows researchers to study genetic variability of all available sequences could play an important role in helping drugs and vaccine design and in providing additional insight into the basic biology, immu...

conclusions there is an as yet unexplained association between hcv and host parameters with unknown mechanisms in patients with chronic hcv infection. the assessments of core aa 70 substitution and polymorphisms near the ifnl3 gene could offer promising steps to improve the management of patients with hcv. background molecular studies have demonstrated that the hepatitis c virus (hcv) genotype ...

background : hepatitis b virus (hbv) is one of the most popular causes of chronic liver diseases through the world. there are approximately 350 million individuals infected with the hbv that 15 to 20 million of them are co-infected with hdv. it is known that co-existent infection with hdv tends to accelerate the progress of chronic hbv infection to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellula...