Effective management of hemorrhagic shock depends on titration of therapies against reliable resuscitation end points. Conventional clinical and laboratory indexes of shock are often slow to respond to progressive circulatory compromise. GI mucosal ischemia resulting from redistribution of blood flow may, however, precede uncompensated shock and may compound the initial hemorrhagic insult by to...

MELA, LEENA, LEONARDO V. BACALZO, JR., AND LEONARD D. MILLER. Defective oxidatiue metabolism of rat liver mitochondria in hemorrhagic and endotoxin shock. Am. J. Physiol. 220(2) : 571477. 197 1 .-Rat liver mitochondrial functions were studied after hemorrhagic hypovolemia and Escherichia coli endotoxin shock. The respiratory activity in State 4 was increased indicating normal utilization of sub...

Studies have shown that local application of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) can be used for the treatment of acute and chronic wounds. We investigated if systemic application of PDGF has a protective effect on acute hemorrhagic shock in rats in the present study. Using hemorrhagic shock rats and isolated superior mesenteric arteries, the effects of PDGF-BB on hemodynamics, animal surviva...

Adrenal gland pseudocysts are not common conditions, and most of them are nonfunctional and asymptomatic. However, large pseudocysts may causes abdominal discomfort and have compressive effects on adjacent organs. They may rupture spontaneously or after trauma, and lead to retroperitoneal hemorrhage and surgical emergency. Herein, we report a case of 21-year-old female who presented with acute ...

BACKGROUND Myocardial contractile dysfunction plays a major role in the outcome of trauma patients. Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to increase following haemorrhagic shock. Peroxynitrite which is produced by the reaction of NO with reactive oxygen species leads to nitrosative stress mediated organ injury and myocardial contractile dysfunction. Aminoguanidine is a selective inhibitor of induci...

INTRODUCTION Hypotension causes diffuse liver injury accompanied by increased local production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in swine models of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock (HS). IL-6 is transcriptionally up-regulated by nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and results in activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (Stat3) in a murine model of controlled HS. Our objectives were: 1). to d...

The accumulating evidence from our studies of the plasma volume in hemorrhagic shock agrees with that of Gregersen (1) and of Evans (2), to the effect that there is no further loss of plasma from the circulation after the initial loss caused by the bleeding. Radioactive plasma proteins in the tissues of the dog in hemorrhagic shock are not found in greater concentration than in the unshocked do...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Bleeding causing hemorrhagic shock usually requires surgical treatment under general anesthesia. Anesthetic drugs may further compromise hemodynamics. The objective was to compare the hemodynamic effects of ketamine and etomidate during anesthetic induction in dogs submitted to an experimental model of hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. METHODS Thirty-two mongrel d...

INTRODUCTION Different vasoactive factors can modulate cardiovascular adaptation to hemorrhagic shock including Nitric Oxide (NO). In this study we investigated the effect of the NO synthase inhibitor for treatment of decompensated hemorrhagic shock in normotensive and hypertensive rats. METHODS Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: The normotensive and hypertensive group...