Haemophilus influenzae requires an exogenous heme source for aerobic growth in vitro. Hemoglobin or hemoglobin-haptoglobin satisfies this requirement. Heme acquisition from hemoglobin-haptoglobin is mediated by proteins encoded by hgp genes. Both Hgps and additional proteins, including those encoded by the hxu operon, provide independent pathways for hemoglobin utilization. Recently we showed t...

BACKGROUND Nitrite can be converted to nitric oxide (NO) by a number of different biochemical pathways. In newborn lambs, an aerosol of inhaled nitrite has been found to reduce pulmonary blood pressure, possibly acting via conversion to NO by reaction with intraerythrocytic deoxyhemoglobin. If so, the vasodilating effects of nitrite would be attenuated by free hemoglobin in plasma that would ra...

OBJECTIVE To compare topical vs. intravenous tranexamic acid (TA) in total knee arthroplasty regarding blood loss and transfusion. METHODS Ninety patients were randomized to receive TA intravenously (20 mg/kg in 100 mL of saline; group IV), topically (1.5 g in 50 mL of saline, sprayed over the operated site, before release of the tourniquet; topical group), or intravenous saline (100 mL with ...

To prepare long-circulating liposomes, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-lipid is usually mixed with other lipid components before vesicle formation. PEG-lipids can also be postinserted in the outer layer of liposomes after the preparation. In this study, PEG-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine was incorporated by postinsertion technique into liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (LEH) carrying neutral or ...

Hypoxic exposure results in physiological adaptions and enhanced human athletic performance. However, few reports exist regarding responses of horses to similar conditions. The goals this preliminary work were evaluate whether could be acclimated a hypoxic chamber (HC) monitor their Trial 1: Two 4-yr-old Thoroughbreds used establish protocols for adaptation the HC. Horses stalled HC 8 10 h/d wh...

introduction the continuous and rapid growth of telecommunication industries, along with the common application of cell phones, hasraised debates on the associated risks for humanhealth due to exposure to radiofrequency fields, caused bycell phonesorother sources, and industrial and medical applications. accordingly, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of cell phone radiation on ...