basal stem rot caused by sclerotinia sclerotiorum (lib.) de bary is one of the most important diseases of sunflower. quantitative trait loci (qtl) implicated in partial resistance to two isolates of s. sclerotiorum (ssu107 and sskh41) were investigated using f9 recombinant inbred lines (rils) from the cross between sunflower parental lines pac2 and rha266. experiments were conducted in complete...

The origin of new diploid species through inter-specific hybridization may be facilitated by rapid genomic reorganization. There is evidence that this process was involved in the independent origins of three annual sunflower species in the genus Helianthus. The three hybrid taxa, H. anomalus, H. deserticola and H. paradoxus, are products of ancient hybridization events between the same two pare...

This study aimed to control lesser grain borer Rhizopertha dominica via using of Zingier officinale (ginger) and Helianthus annuus (sunflower) oils as protectant Tritium spp. The inhibition rates were 38.00, 28.98, 22.67 4.60% respectively when the wheat treated by 0.5, 1, 1.5and 2% sunflower oil while 35.50, 28.00, 7.25 3.25% same concentrations Z. oil. damage assessments decreased increasing ...

Activity of nitrate reductase in roots and cotyledons of cotton seedings (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Deltapine 16) increased rapidly on germination, reaching a maximum after 1 day of imbibition. Thereafter, activity declined until emergence and greening of the cotyledons, when it again began to increase steadily. Germinating soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill cv. Merit) and sunflower (Helianthus ...

Downy mildew of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), caused by the pathogen Plasmopara halstedii, is a potentially devastating disease. Seventy-seven isolates of P. halstedii collected in twelve countries from four continents were investigated for RAPD polymorphism with 21 primers. The study led to a binary matrix, which was subjected to various complementary analyses. This is the first report on ...

The hydraulic architecture of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Margot) was studied in terms of the partitioning of the hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) of leaves inserted at progressively more apical nodes both in growing plants (GP) and in plants at full anthesis (mature plants, MP). Leaf conductance to water vapour (gL), leaf water potential (PsiL), leaf water potential at zero turgor (Psi tl...

Accumulation of metal contaminants in soil as a result of various industrial and anthropogenic activities has reduced soil fertility significantly. Phytoextraction of metal contaminants can improve soil fertility and provide inexpensive feedstock for biorefineries. We investigated the hyperaccumulation capacity of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) biomass by cultivating these plants in various conc...

Numerous parameters affect the quality of honey from different beehive types (Albert – Žindaršić AŽ, Langstroth – Roott LR i Dadant – Blatt DB), i.e. the material of beehives are made of, the origin of queen bees (natural and selected), etc. Our research focuses on the influence of the botanic origin of honey plants (Tilia sp. L. (lime), Amorpha fructirosa L. (desert false indigo), Helianthus a...

Stable carbon isotopes are used extensively to partition total soil CO2 efflux into root-derived rhizosphere respiration or autotrophic respiration and soil-derived heterotrophic respiration. However, it remains unclear whether CO2 from rhizosphere respiration has the same δC value as root biomass. Here we investigated the magnitude of C isotope fractionation during rhizosphere respiration rela...

Plant species may remain morphologically distinct despite gene exchange with congeners, yet little is known about the genomewide pattern of introgression among species. Here we analyze the effects of persistent gene flow on genomic differentiation between the sympatric sunflower species Helianthus annuus and H. petiolaris. While the species are strongly isolated in testcrosses, genetic distance...