[1] This paper addresses the effects of canopy physical processes on snow mass and energy balances in boreal ecosystems. We incorporate new parameterizations of radiation transfer through the vegetation canopy, interception of snow by the vegetation canopy, and under-canopy sensible heat transfer processes into the Versatile Integrator of Surface and Atmosphere (VISA) and test the model results...

Microelectrospray ionization-mass spectrometry was used to directly observe electron transferring flavoprotein.flavoprotein dehydrogenase interactions. When electron transferring flavoprotein and porcine dimethylglycine dehydrogenase or sarcosine dehydrogenase were incubated together in the absence of substrate, a relative molecular mass corresponding to the flavoprotein.electron transferring f...

As a result of a spectrum of mitochondrial defects, tumor cells often preferentially use glycolysis to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), even in the presence of oxygen, a phenomenon known as aerobic glycolysis, or the "Warburg effect." Dichloroacetate (DCA) is an inhibitor of mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), which inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), a gatekeeping enzym...

The mechanism of action of structurally distinct pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibitors was examined in assays with experimental contexts ranging from an intact pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) with and without supplemental ATP or ADP to a synthetic peptide substrate to PDK autophosphorylation. Some compounds directly inhibited the catalytic activity of PDKs. Some of the inhibitor c...

Barkai and Leibler [1] demonstrated a robust property of adaptation behavior in bacterial chemotaxis, indicating that the robust adaptation was a consequence of the network’s connectivity and the chemotaxis system did not require the fine-tuning of biochemical parameters. However, they did not answer the crucial question on whether it is possible to isolate such a subsystem from the whole syste...

The aim of this article was to examine the effect hybrid nano – coating that could potentially impact enhancement heat transfer coefficient distilled water, Reynolds number, and temperature through a swirl exchanger, as well indicator Zeta voltage in process. In experimental work, type used Aluminum (Al) + oxide Al2O3. Outcomes study showed exchanger is much better than without improving therma...

background: thymus daenensis celak. is one of the medicinal plants which cultivated in iran. this plant involve high amount of polyphenols including thymol and carvacrol, which were reported to possess the high antioxidant activity. objective: antioxidative activity (aoa) and chemical constituents of thymus daenensis essential oil (tdeo) were examined. also, the effect of thermal treatments (80...