In this paper, we develop and investigate the optimal control of a group of 104 heat pumps and a central Combined Heat and Power unit (CHP). The heat pumps supply space heating and domestic hot water to households. Each house has a buffer for domestic hot water and a floor heating system for space heating. Electricity for the heat pumps is generated by a central CHP unit, which also provides th...

fatigue behavior of a vanadium microalloy steel has been studied in this research. here, microstructure constituents were considered which essentially are dependent on the heat treatment conditions. the results of high cycle fatigue tests revealed that heat treatment procedure and cooling rates have significant effects on fatigue properties. optimal heat treatment cycle of the microalloyed stee...

Optical pump-probe signals can be viewed as work done by the matter while transferring energy between two coherent baths (from pump to probe). In thermodynamics a heat engine, such laser, is device which performs similar but operating thermal baths. We propose an "incoherent" control procedure for optical using physics of quantum engine. By combining laser excitation electronic excited state mo...

Sewage is a kind of ideal low-temperature heat sources. Sewage heat source pump system uses heat energy in sewage, and it is a method of utilizing sewage resources. In this article we analyze sewage’s characteristics and sewage source heat pump system; introduce its practical applications in sewage treatment plants in China, analyze its technical and economic characteristics, and discuss its ap...

Solar-driven non-stoichiometric thermochemical redox cycling of ceria for the conversion of solar energy into fuels shows promise in achieving high solar-to-fuel efficiency. This efficiency is significantly affected by the operating conditions, e.g. redox temperatures, reduction and oxidation pressures, solar irradiation concentration, or heat recovery effectiveness. We present a thermodynamic ...

In this research, a high-temperature Rankin cycle (HTRC) with two-stage pumping is presented and investigated. In this cycle, two different pressures and mass flow rates in the HTRC result in two advantages. First, the possibility of direct recovery from the engine block by working fluid of water, which is a low quality waste heat source, is created in a HTRC. Secondly, by doing this, the mean ...

The possibility of building a high voltage electrostatic air pump for cooling of microelectronics is investigated. Existing cooling technology no longer provides adequate heat dissipation due to excessive heat generation caused by the growing component density on electronic devices. Heat sink fins are packed more closely to increase the heat exchange surface area, resulting in narrower channels...

The thermal diffusion factors observed for these systems vary considerably with concentration, and frequently show a change in sign at some concentration. New data on ethanol-toluene mixtures show that the sign and magnitude of the separation of the components in a thermal gradient are also strongly dependent on the mean temperature of the system. These observations, together with earlier ones ...