BACKGROUND Worldwide, there is an increased reliance on casual staff in the health sector. Recent policy attention in South Africa has focused on the interrelated challenges of agency nursing and moonlighting in the health sector. OBJECTIVE This paper examines the potential health system consequences of agency nursing and moonlighting among South African nurses. METHODS During 2010, a clust...

recent proposals for re-defining the roles africa’s health workforce are a continuation of the discussions that have been held since colonial times. the proposals have centred on basing the continent’s healthcare delivery on non-physician clinicians (npcs) who can be quickly trained and widely distributed to treat majority of the common diseases. whilst seemingly logical, the success of these p...

international health is still highly dominated by equilibrium approaches. the emergence of systems thinking in international health provides a great avenue to develop innovative health interventions adapted to changing contexts. the public health community, nevertheless, has the responsibility to translate concepts related to systems thinking and complexity into concrete research methods and in...

The SGVs and the additional advice found here should be used only in conjunction with the introductory guide to the series entitled Using Soil Guideline Values (Environment Agency, 2009a), the framework documents Updated technical background to the CLEA model (Environment Agency, 2009b) and Human health toxicological assessment of contaminants in soil (Environment Agency, 2009c), and Contaminan...

The eighth EUROPAEDIATRICS, the biannual international congress of the European Paediatric Association, Union of European Paediatric Societies and Associations (EPA/UNEPSA), will take place June 7-10, 2017, in Bucharest, Romania. It will be supported by 49 leading national pediatric societies and associations that are members of EPA/UNEPSA. In recent years, Europe and the entire world have expe...

Previous research has suggested that systems that are designed according to existing methodology fail in routine contexts whereas others that have evolved in such contexts without a traditional methodology work better. In previous work we have suggested that this is because the theory about purposeful activity that underlies the design of a system has an impact on the success of the system in p...

Debates on human agency, especially female and sexual have permeated the social scientific literature health educational practice for multiple decades now. This article provides a review of recent agency debates illustrating how criticisms traditional conceptions (sexual) led to notable diversification concept. A comprehensive, inclusive description is proposed, focusing navigation goals desire...

Explainable Agency As intelligent agents become more autonomous, sophisticated, and prevalent, it becomes increasingly important that humans interact with them effectively. Machine learning is now used regularly to acquire expertise, but common techniques produce opaque content whose behavior is difficult to interpret. Before they will be trusted by humans, autonomous agents must be able to exp...