Abu J et al: see Mohan PC et al .............................................................. 78 Ainoda N et al: Definitions and Goals of “Self-directed Learning” in Contemporary Medical Education Literature .................................. 515 Amani A et al: see Kelishadi R et al ..................................................... 243 Amin Z et al: Editorial – Towards Better Practices in ...

One of the most fundamental aspects of infectious diseases is microbial acquisition of nutrients in vivo, which impacts virulence and antibiotic treatment. Therefore, it is not surprising that part of the innate host defense against microbial infection is to limit access of various invading pathogens to sources of host nutrients (Abu Kwaik and Bumann, 2013; Eisenreich et al., 2013). Despite thi...

Escherichia coli is the most important etiological agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Unlike uropathogenic E. coli, which causes symptomatic infections, asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) E. coli strains typically lack essential virulence factors and colonize the bladder in the absence of symptoms. While ABU E. coli can persist in the bladder for long periods of time, little is known about t...

Ibn Sina (980-1037 AD), known by his full name Abu Ali al-Hussain ibn Abdallah ibn Sina and the Latin name 'Avicenna', was a Persian scholar who is primarily remembered for his contributions to the science of medicine. He authored Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb (The Canon of Medicine). Sections of his work are devoted to detailed descriptions of a number of infectious illnesses, particularly rabies. Avice...

1 Uchida T, Tokumuru T, Kojima H, et al. A case of multiple leiomyomatous lesions of the lung: an analysis of flow cytometry and hormone receptors. Surg Today 1992; 22:265–268 2 Abu-Rustum NR, Curtin JP, Burt M, et al. Regression of uterine low-grade smooth-muscle tumors metastatic to the lung after oophorectomy. Obstet Gynecol 1997; 89:850–852 3 Jacobsen TZ, Rainey EJ, Turton CWG. Pulmonary be...

according to halabi, a theologian and jurist in fifth century (ah), a human being is a responsible creature who needs a guide to carry out his responsibilities. while imam mahdi was present, one had to refer to him for guidence, but in his absence one has to refer to a just faqih. thus, there is no other choice; all other ruling systems lacking legitimacy.

We have established a novel strategy to reduce the risk for recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), where rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance poses a major threat. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) protects the host against symptomatic infections with more virulent strains. To mimic this protective effect, we deliberately establish ABU in UTI-pron...