BACKGROUND The Health-sector Wide (HsW) priority setting model is designed to shift the focus of priority setting away from 'program budgets'--that are typically defined by modality or disease-stage--and towards well-defined target populations with a particular disease/health problem. METHODS The key features of the HsW model are i) a disease/health problem framework, ii) a sequential approac...

Fairness is a key goal of priority setting and ‘accountability for reasonableness’ has emerged as the leading framework for fair priority setting. However, it has not been shown acceptable to those engaged in priority setting. In particular, since it was developed in the context of a primarily privately funded health system, its applicability in a primarily publicly funded system is uncertain. ...

This paper deals with multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problems with multiple priorities, in which priority weights associated with the lower priority criteria are related to the satisfactions of the higher priority criteria. To do so, we first propose a prioritized weighted aggregation operator based on ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator and triangular norms (t-norms). In order to ...

In this paper we introduce Causeway, operating system support facilitating the development of metaapplications, like priority scheduling and performance debugging, that control and analyze the execution of distributed programs. Meta-applications use Causeway to inject and access metadata on application execution paths to implement their specific goals. Causeway has two components: (1) interface...

Recently there has been increased interest in logic programming-based default reasoning approaches which are not using negation-as-failure in their object language. Instead, default reasoning is modelled by rules and a priority relation among them. Historically the first logic in this class was Defeasible Logic. In this paper we will study its relationship to other approaches which also rely on...

1. In paragraph 4 of decision VIII/5 E, the Conference of the Parties requested the Working Group on Article 8(j) and Related Provisions to identify priority elements of sui generis systems as listed in the annex to decision VII/16 H. To date, no Party or others has suggested a particular priority order for the elements, and thus the order below does not imply any greater or lesser importance o...