The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent team cohesion influences social loafing in a 30-meter sprint relay. Thirty-nine male college sport students competed under high and low identifiable conditions in which the differences between sprint times were recorded. Faster running times under the identified condition than under the non-identified condition was seen as indicative o...

Special Issue Despite increasing organizational interest and investment in virtual worlds (VWs), there is a lack of research on the benefits of VWs. When and how does the use of VW systems engender better organizational outcomes than traditional collaborative technologies? This paper investigates the value of VWs for team collaboration. Team collaboration is particularly relevant in studying VW...

One form of group support system that has received much attention from cross-disciplinary research is electronic brainstorming (EBS). While it is generally held that group cohesiveness is lower in virtual settings that in face-to-face interactions, it has also been argued that this does not matter in cognitive work such as idea generation. However, most work on EBS has been carried out in acade...

This paper explores four issues that have emerged from the research on social, cognitive and teaching presence in an online community of inquiry. The early research in the area of online communities of inquiry has raised several issues with regard to the creation and maintenance of social, cognitive and teaching presence that require further research and analysis. The other overarching issue is...

AIM To examine the role that work relationships have on two long-term care outcomes: job satisfaction and turnover intention. BACKGROUND It is easy to overlook the impact that human relations have in shaping work environments that are conducive to organizational effectiveness. Employee job satisfaction and retention are important organizational outcomes. METHODS Six hundred and seventy-five...

This study examined the relationship between anxiety in Latin American children and Latino cultural schemas, parenting strategies, being an ethnic minority, and assimilation. Latin American (n=72; LA) and white European-American (n=46; EA) children living in the U.S., Mexican children living in Mexico (n=99; M), and at least one parent per family (n=283) were administered measures assessing anx...

In this paper we develop an artificial world model to investigate how environmental conditions affect opportunities for learning. We model grouping entities that learn what to eat in a 2D environment. We study diet development and focus on the social consequences of individual learning in relation to different environmental conditions. We find that homogeneous and patchy environments have oppos...

Ethnic diversity is typically measured by the well-known Hirschman-Herfindahl Index. This paper discusses the merits of an alternative approach, which is in our view better suited to tease out why and how ethnic diversity matters. The approach consists of two elements. First, all existing diversity indices are non-relational. From the viewpoint of theoretical accounts that attribute negative di...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the resilience of adult children of alcoholics (ACOA) who are college students, and examine factors contributing to their resilience. METHODS A total of 459 college students from a university in Incheon, participated in this study. Data were collected between April 6 to 30, 2010 using the Korean version of the Children of Alcoholics Screening T...

Animals in social foraging not only present the ordered and aggregated group movement but also the individual movement patterns of Lévy walks that are characterized as the power-law frequency distribution of flight lengths. The environment and the conspecific effects between group members are two fundamental inducements to the collective behavior. However, most previous models emphasize one of ...