To identify the effect of influent salinity on substrate selection, a study was conducted in pilot-scale surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs). Compared with gravel and sand SFCWs, soil SFCWs performed similarly or worse at low salinities, while high better removal efficiency (RE) salt, total nitrogen (TN), phosphorous (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD). Soil generally increased macrophyte ...

A detailed field-scale investigation of processes controlling the architecture, persistence and dissolution of a 20 to 45year old trichloroethene (TCE) dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source zone located within a heterogeneous sand/gravel aquifer at a UK industrial site is presented. The source zone was partially enclosed by a 3-sided cell that allowed detailed longitudinal/fence transec...

Nitrification is a necessary and often limiting process in animal waste treatment for removal of nitrogen as N2 through biological nitrification/denitrification systems. We evaluated three technologies for enhancing nitrification of pig lagoon wastewater prior to denitrification: overland flow, trickling filter, and a bioreactor using nitrifying pellets. The overland flow system consisted of a ...

As set out in the Sustainable Development Goals, it is necessary to achieve universal and equitable access safe drinking water services for all world’s population. Appropriate treatment alternatives rural areas should be prioritised this goal. In work, a simplified system (SDWTS), which has great potential application small communities areas, was evaluated on pilot scale turbidity apparent colo...