This paper presents a novel velocity estimation method for all terrain ground vehicles. The technique is based on a camera that scans the ground and estimates the velocity by using an optical flow algorithm. The method is tested and validated for different types of terrains such as fine sand, coarse sand, gravel as well as a mixture of coarse sand and gravel. Measured velocities from precise en...

Properties of cement-stabilized gravel modified by emulsified asphalt under freezing and thawing cycle conditions were investigated by adjusting the dosage of cement. Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were introduced to analyze the influential mechanism. The results indicate that cement emulsified asphalt stabilized gravel with 5 wt % of cement performed...

2 Geomorphologist and Hydraulic Engineer, respectively, Water Engineering & Technology, Inc., Fort Collins, Colorado. Abstract: Twelve low radius of curvature bends, half of which were rivetted, were studied in the Butte Basin reach of Sacramento River, California, to determine whether bank revetment deleteriously affected salmonid habitat. At low discharge (128.6 cubic meters/s) it was demonst...

Field characterization of gravel-bed surface structure is important for studies on flow resistance, sediment transport and in-stream habitats. The following study presents technical developments that make obtaining highresolution digital elevation models (DEMs) from gravel beds in the field more efficient and effective. Using close-range digital photogrammetry (CRDP), only two consumer-grade di...

The deposition of the instantaneously released sediment into a gravel matrix and the hydraulic resistance induced by the rapid siltation are investigated herein. The experimental results reveal that the depositional patterns of the sediment are governed by the gravel-sediment size ratio, the amount of sediment released, and the seepage flowrate. The observations also indicate that the stable st...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi associated with plant roots play an essential role in the belowground ecological process karst habitats high spatial and substrate heterogeneity. However, effects of AM on root morphology nutrient uptake under different soil patch sizes gravel content are still unclear. A controlled experiment was conducted using a square device divided into 16 grid patches. Th...

The study of facies analysis and interpretation the depositional environment Lemat Formation located at Bukit Tiga Puluh aims to clarify problems found in Paleogene sediments South Sumatra Basin. A detailed fluvial has been carried out Lubuk Bernai track. number observations, profiling, measured stratigraphic section have out. stratigraphy area can be divided into 5 units from old young, namely...

Thermal resistance of the structural layers a road is one important parameters that determine choice technical solutions design in permafrost area. The purpose this research quantitative assessment influence extent to which pores gravel bedding are filled with ice or sand on thermal conductivity an ice-gravel sand-gravel mixture. Lichtenecker formula was used calculate coefficient three-compone...

Abstract: In recent years deadly earthquakes in seismic areas have caused special concerns regarding liquefaction phenomenon by researchers and specialists. Excess pore water pressure in loose sediments may cause phenomena such as boiling, shearing strength and dynamic stiffness reduction and lateral movements cause difficulties. Many remedial methods such as soil replacement with proper materi...