In order to create secured urban spaces, public safety need be considered as the duty of citizens well official authorities. Therefore, this research focuses on social environment spaces and how encourage take prompt actions detect, report deter any illegal activities. Moreover, graffiti is most common type vandalism worldwide that threatens not only our private properties, but also environment...

Conjecture number 747 of Graffiti (circa 1992) states that the average distance of a simple, connected graph is not more than half the maximum order of an induced bipartite subgraph. Recently, P. Hansen et al. settled this conjecture by showing that the average distance is not more than half the maximum order of an induced forest. Moreover, they conjectured that the average distance is not more...

This paper presents an input-dependent neural network (IDNN) with variable parameters. The parameters of the neurons in the hidden nodes adapt to changes of the input environment, so that different test input sets separately distributed in a large domain can be tackled after training. Effectively, there are different individual neural networks for different sets of inputs. The proposed network ...

We present interactive techniques for visually annotating independently moving objects in a video stream. Features in the video are automatically tracked and grouped in an off-line preprocess that enables later interactive manipulation and annotation. Examples of such annotations include speech and thought balloons, video graffiti, hyperlinks, and path arrows. Our system also employs a directma...