Fabrication of functionalized surfaces using polymer brushes is a relatively simple process and parallels the presence of glycocalyx filaments coating the luminal surface of our vasculature. In this paper, we perform atomistic-like simulations based on dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) to study both polymer brushes and glycocalyx filaments subject to shear flow, and we apply mean-field theory...

BACKGROUND Disturbances in coronary microcirculatory function, such as the endothelial glycocalyx, are early hallmarks in the development of obesity and insulin resistance. Accordingly, in the present study myocardial microcirculatory perfusion during rest and stress was assessed following metformin or sulodexide therapy in a rat model of diet-induced obesity. Additionally, the effect of degrad...

Hemodynamic stress is a critical factor in the onset of atherosclerosis such that reduced rates of shear stress occurring at regions of high curvature are more prone to disease. The level of shear stress has direct influence on the thickness and integrity of the glycocalyx layer. Here we show that heparan sulfate, the main component of the glycocalyx layer, forms an intact layer only on cell su...

New work shows that the glycocalyx meshwork on surface of macrophages prevents phagocytic receptors from binding their ligands by two means — electrostatic charge and steric hindrance. Components this barrier are present pathogenic malignant targets elude phagocytosis.

Once thought to be a structure of small size and uncertain significance, the endothelial glycocalyx is now known to be an important regulator of endothelial function. Studies of the systemic vasculature have demonstrated that the glycocalyx forms a substantial in vivo endothelial surface layer (ESL) critical to inflammation, barrier function, and mechanotransduction. The pulmonary ESL is signif...

The skin vasculature ensures local homeostasis and plays an essential role in inflammatory diseases. Tortuous dilated vessels are one of the hallmarks psoriasis; however, how they participate psoriatic pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we profiled single-cell transcriptomes vascular endothelial cells (ECs) from healthy discovered heterogeneity ECs signaling pathways immune responses. Pseudoti...