Cereal Chem. 72(5):475-479 Two different gliadin molecules (designated oc-gliadin and ot/P-gliadin) were synthesized as 52 and 58 ten amino acid (aa) long overlapping peptides for the determination of their B-cell epitopes. Monoclonal antibodies and human serum pools revealed two epitopes common for both gliadins (peptide 14 aa:s 66-75 and peptides 340x aa:s 166-175, 36Wx/p aa:s 176-185) and tw...

Specific IgE to gliadin was proposed as a marker for wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis, while Tri a 14 was found to induce IgE response in baker's asthma. We evaluated whether these components could be used for discriminating phenotypes of wheat allergy. Twenty-nine patients who were wheat-induced anaphylaxis and/or urticaria (n=21, group I) and baker's asthma (n=8, group II) were en...

Discovery of a number of novel and known human genes whose protein products bear striking similarity to two or more wheat gliadin domains raised the possibility that human intestinal non-HLA peptides homologous to celiac T-cell epitopes could play a role in non-HLA gene specification in celiac disease. Database searching of the entire human genome identified only 11 gut-expressed proteins with ...

User-friendly devices for detecting low gliadin content in commercial foods are of extreme importance people with gluten diseases. With this concern, the present work proposes a rapid and sensitive optical nanostructured microarrays platform detection using specific anti-gliadin IgG antibodies immobilized on annealed gold nanostructures (AuNPs) obtained after high annealing process (550 °C) thi...

As shown by R5 antibody-based sandwich and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), selected sourdough lactobacilli, in combination with fungal proteases, hydrolyzed gluten (72 h at 37 degrees C) of various cultivars of Triticum turgidum L. var. durum to less than 20 ppm. Complementary electrophoretic, chromatography, and mass spectrometry techniques were used to characterize the ...

The activation of immune mechanisms was evaluated by the solid phase enzyme linked immunoassay of immunoglobulin and specific antibody secreting cells in 27 patients (aged from nine to 69 months), subjected to a diagnostic cow's milk challenge or a rechallenge. A significant rise in the total number of immunoglobulin secreting cells was associated with clinically positive (n = 17), but not a ne...

The 'missing peptidase' hypothesis to explain the aetiology of coeliac disease has never been satisfactorily resolved and recent reports suggest that coeliac brush borders may have depressed levels of specific peptidase enzymes. It has been inferred from these studies that the subsequent brush border digestion of gliadin peptides may therefore be defective. In this present study a sensitive flu...

Wheat flour cannot be tolerated by those who suffer allergies to gluten. Human pathologies associated with grain proteins have increased worldwide in recent years, and the only effective treatment available is a lifelong gluten-free diet, which is complicated to follow and detrimental to gut health. This manuscript describes the development of wheat bread potentially suitable for celiac patient...

The action of tissue transglutaminase (TGase) on specific protein-bound glutamine residues plays a critical role in numerous biological processes. Here we provide evidence for a new role of this enzyme in the common, HLA-DQ2 (and DQ8) associated enteropathy, celiac disease (CD). The intestinal inflammation in CD is precipitated by exposure to wheat gliadin in the diet and is associated with inc...

Wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) is a severe IgE-mediated allergic reaction provoked by the combination of wheat-ingestion with intensive physical exercise over the next few hours. Among wheat proteins, omega-5 gliadin, which is one of the components of fast omega-gliadin, has been reported as a major allergen in the anaphylaxis. In this study, we detected IgE-binding epitop...